ABAP Select data from SAP table MCQALS_CHAR_MAT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCQALS_CHAR_MAT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCQALS_CHAR_MAT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCQALS_CHAR_MAT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCQALS_CHAR_MAT,
      WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT TYPE MCQALS_CHAR_MAT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCQALS_CHAR_MAT> TYPE MCQALS_CHAR_MAT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCQALS_CHAR_MAT
  INTO TABLE IT_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCQALS_CHAR_MAT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT ASSIGNING <MCQALS_CHAR_MAT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCQALS_CHAR_MAT>-WERK = 1.
<MCQALS_CHAR_MAT>-MATNR = 1.
<MCQALS_CHAR_MAT>-REVLV = 1.
<MCQALS_CHAR_MAT>-CHARG = 1.
<MCQALS_CHAR_MAT>-LAGORTCHRG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT INTO WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-MJAHR, sy-vline,
  WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-MBLNR, sy-vline,
  WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-ZEILE, sy-vline,
  WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-WERKVORG, sy-vline,
  WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-LAGORTVORG, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT INTO WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field REVLV
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-REVLV
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-REVLV.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field MJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-MJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-MJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MBLNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-MBLNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT-MBLNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR, 
WERK TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
REVLV TYPE STRING,
CHARG TYPE STRING,
LAGORTCHRG TYPE STRING,
MJAHR TYPE STRING,
MBLNR TYPE STRING,
ZEILE TYPE STRING,
WERKVORG TYPE STRING,
LAGORTVORG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-WERK sy-vline 
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-REVLV sy-vline 
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-CHARG sy-vline 
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-LAGORTCHRG sy-vline 
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-MJAHR sy-vline 
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-MBLNR sy-vline 
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-ZEILE sy-vline 
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-WERKVORG sy-vline 
WA_MCQALS_CHAR_MAT_STR-LAGORTVORG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.