ABAP Select data from SAP table MCLIAK into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCLIAK table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCLIAK. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCLIAK table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCLIAK TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCLIAK,
      WA_MCLIAK TYPE MCLIAK,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCLIAK> TYPE MCLIAK.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCLIAK.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCLIAK
  INTO TABLE IT_MCLIAK.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCLIAK
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCLIAK2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCLIAK INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCLIAK2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCLIAK ASSIGNING <MCLIAK>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCLIAK>-MANDT = 1.
<MCLIAK>-VBELN = 1.
<MCLIAK>-VSTEL = 1.
<MCLIAK>-LFART = 1.
<MCLIAK>-LFDAT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCLIAK INTO WA_MCLIAK.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCLIAK-EXPKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLIAK-ROUTE, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLIAK-VBTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLIAK-BTGEW, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLIAK-NTGEW, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLIAK-GEWEI, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCLIAK you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCLIAK TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCLIAK INTO WA_MCLIAK.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCLIAK-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCLIAK-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field GEWEI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCLIAK-GEWEI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCLIAK-GEWEI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VOLEH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCLIAK-VOLEH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCLIAK-VOLEH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCLIAK-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCLIAK-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCLIAK_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
VSTEL TYPE STRING,
LFART TYPE STRING,
LFDAT TYPE STRING,
EXPKZ TYPE STRING,
ROUTE TYPE STRING,
VBTYP TYPE STRING,
BTGEW TYPE STRING,
NTGEW TYPE STRING,
GEWEI TYPE STRING,
VOLUM TYPE STRING,
VOLEH TYPE STRING,
ANZPK TYPE STRING,
LFUHR TYPE STRING,
GRULG TYPE STRING,
VERUR TYPE STRING,
EXNUM TYPE STRING,
LGNUM TYPE STRING,
BOLNR TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
TRATY TYPE STRING,
TRAID TYPE STRING,
LIFEX TYPE STRING,
LGTOR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCLIAK_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCLIAK_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-VSTEL sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-LFART sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-LFDAT sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-EXPKZ sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-ROUTE sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-VBTYP sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-BTGEW sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-NTGEW sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-GEWEI sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-VOLUM sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-VOLEH sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-ANZPK sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-LFUHR sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-GRULG sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-VERUR sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-EXNUM sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-LGNUM sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-BOLNR sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-TRATY sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-TRAID sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-LIFEX sy-vline 
WA_MCLIAK_STR-LGTOR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.