ABAP Select data from SAP table MCLI into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCLI table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCLI. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCLI table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCLI TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCLI,
      WA_MCLI TYPE MCLI,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCLI> TYPE MCLI.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCLI.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCLI
  INTO TABLE IT_MCLI.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCLI
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCLI2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCLI INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCLI2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCLI ASSIGNING <MCLI>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCLI>-MANDT = 1.
<MCLI>-KENNI = 1.
<MCLI>-RTART = 1.
<MCLI>-RTNAM = 1.
<MCLI>-TBNAM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCLI INTO WA_MCLI.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCLI-TCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLI-SELSC, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLI-VARNA, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLI-LRTAB, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLI-LRNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_MCLI-APPLI, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCLI you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCLI TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCLI INTO WA_MCLI.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KENNI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCLI-KENNI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCLI-KENNI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCLI_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KENNI TYPE STRING,
RTART TYPE STRING,
RTNAM TYPE STRING,
TBNAM TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
SELSC TYPE STRING,
VARNA TYPE STRING,
LRTAB TYPE STRING,
LRNAM TYPE STRING,
APPLI TYPE STRING,
ZAEHL TYPE STRING,
AENDP TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
KLA01 TYPE STRING,
KLA02 TYPE STRING,
KLA03 TYPE STRING,
KLA04 TYPE STRING,
KLA05 TYPE STRING,
KLA06 TYPE STRING,
KLA07 TYPE STRING,
KLA08 TYPE STRING,
KLA09 TYPE STRING,
KLA10 TYPE STRING,
MCANA TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCLI_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCLI_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KENNI sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-RTART sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-RTNAM sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-TBNAM sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-SELSC sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-VARNA sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-LRTAB sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-LRNAM sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-APPLI sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-ZAEHL sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-AENDP sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA01 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA02 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA03 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA04 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA05 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA06 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA07 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA08 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA09 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-KLA10 sy-vline 
WA_MCLI_STR-MCANA sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.