ABAP Select data from SAP table MCHI1 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCHI1 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCHI1. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCHI1 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCHI1 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCHI1,
      WA_MCHI1 TYPE MCHI1,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCHI1> TYPE MCHI1.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCHI1.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCHI1
  INTO TABLE IT_MCHI1.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCHI1
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCHI12).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCHI1 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCHI12).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCHI1 ASSIGNING <MCHI1>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCHI1>-ERSDA = 1.
<MCHI1>-ERNAM = 1.
<MCHI1>-AENAM = 1.
<MCHI1>-LAEDA = 1.
<MCHI1>-VERAB = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCHI1 INTO WA_MCHI1.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCHI1-VFDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI1-ZUSCH, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI1-ZUSTD, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI1-ZAEDT, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI1-LIFNR, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI1-LICHA, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCHI1 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCHI1 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCHI1 INTO WA_MCHI1.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCHI1-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCHI1-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field VLMAT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCHI1-VLMAT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCHI1-VLMAT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCHI1_STR, 
ERSDA TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
LAEDA TYPE STRING,
VERAB TYPE STRING,
VFDAT TYPE STRING,
ZUSCH TYPE STRING,
ZUSTD TYPE STRING,
ZAEDT TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
LICHA TYPE STRING,
VLCHA TYPE STRING,
VLWRK TYPE STRING,
VLMAT TYPE STRING,
BATCH_ID TYPE STRING,
XPCBT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCHI1_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCHI1_STR-ERSDA sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-LAEDA sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-VERAB sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-VFDAT sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-ZUSCH sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-ZUSTD sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-ZAEDT sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-LICHA sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-VLCHA sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-VLWRK sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-VLMAT sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-BATCH_ID sy-vline 
WA_MCHI1_STR-XPCBT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.