ABAP Select data from SAP table MCHI into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCHI table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCHI. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCHI table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCHI TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCHI,
      WA_MCHI TYPE MCHI,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCHI> TYPE MCHI.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCHI.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCHI
  INTO TABLE IT_MCHI.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCHI
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCHI2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCHI INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCHI2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCHI ASSIGNING <MCHI>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCHI>-LVORM = 1.
<MCHI>-ERSDA = 1.
<MCHI>-ERNAM = 1.
<MCHI>-AENAM = 1.
<MCHI>-LAEDA = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCHI INTO WA_MCHI.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCHI-VERAB, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI-VFDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI-ZUSCH, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI-ZUSTD, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI-ZAEDT, sy-vline,
  WA_MCHI-LIFNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCHI you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCHI TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCHI INTO WA_MCHI.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCHI-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCHI-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCHI_STR, 
LVORM TYPE STRING,
ERSDA TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
LAEDA TYPE STRING,
VERAB TYPE STRING,
VFDAT TYPE STRING,
ZUSCH TYPE STRING,
ZUSTD TYPE STRING,
ZAEDT TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
LICHA TYPE STRING,
LWEDT TYPE STRING,
FVDT1 TYPE STRING,
FVDT2 TYPE STRING,
FVDT3 TYPE STRING,
FVDT4 TYPE STRING,
FVDT5 TYPE STRING,
FVDT6 TYPE STRING,
HERKL TYPE STRING,
HERKR TYPE STRING,
MTVER TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCHI_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCHI_STR-LVORM sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-ERSDA sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-LAEDA sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-VERAB sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-VFDAT sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-ZUSCH sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-ZUSTD sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-ZAEDT sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-LICHA sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-LWEDT sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-FVDT1 sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-FVDT2 sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-FVDT3 sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-FVDT4 sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-FVDT5 sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-FVDT6 sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-HERKL sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-HERKR sy-vline 
WA_MCHI_STR-MTVER sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.