ABAP Select data from SAP table MCH_MPLA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCH_MPLA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCH_MPLA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCH_MPLA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCH_MPLA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCH_MPLA,
      WA_MCH_MPLA TYPE MCH_MPLA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCH_MPLA> TYPE MCH_MPLA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCH_MPLA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCH_MPLA
  INTO TABLE IT_MCH_MPLA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCH_MPLA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCH_MPLA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCH_MPLA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCH_MPLA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCH_MPLA ASSIGNING <MCH_MPLA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCH_MPLA>-MANDT = 1.
<MCH_MPLA>-WARPL = 1.
<MCH_MPLA>-WPTXT = 1.
<MCH_MPLA>-VSPOS = 1.
<MCH_MPLA>-VSNEG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCH_MPLA INTO WA_MCH_MPLA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCH_MPLA-TOPOS, sy-vline,
  WA_MCH_MPLA-TONEG, sy-vline,
  WA_MCH_MPLA-SFAKT, sy-vline,
  WA_MCH_MPLA-HORIZ, sy-vline,
  WA_MCH_MPLA-ABRHO, sy-vline,
  WA_MCH_MPLA-HUNIT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCH_MPLA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCH_MPLA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCH_MPLA INTO WA_MCH_MPLA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field WARPL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCH_MPLA-WARPL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCH_MPLA-WARPL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field HUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCH_MPLA-HUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCH_MPLA-HUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCH_MPLA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
WARPL TYPE STRING,
WPTXT TYPE STRING,
VSPOS TYPE STRING,
VSNEG TYPE STRING,
TOPOS TYPE STRING,
TONEG TYPE STRING,
SFAKT TYPE STRING,
HORIZ TYPE STRING,
ABRHO TYPE STRING,
HUNIT TYPE STRING,
CALL_CONFIRM TYPE STRING,
PLAN_SORT TYPE STRING,
BEGRU TYPE STRING,
OR_KNZ TYPE STRING,
AND_KNZ TYPE STRING,
PUFFP TYPE STRING,
START_DATE TYPE STRING,
START_TIME TYPE STRING,
MPTYP TYPE STRING,
APFKT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCH_MPLA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-WARPL sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-WPTXT sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-VSPOS sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-VSNEG sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-TOPOS sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-TONEG sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-SFAKT sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-HORIZ sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-ABRHO sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-HUNIT sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-CALL_CONFIRM sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-PLAN_SORT sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-BEGRU sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-OR_KNZ sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-AND_KNZ sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-PUFFP sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-START_DATE sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-START_TIME sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-MPTYP sy-vline 
WA_MCH_MPLA_STR-APFKT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.