ABAP Select data from SAP table MCESTA_ERCH into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCESTA_ERCH table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCESTA_ERCH. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCESTA_ERCH table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCESTA_ERCH TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCESTA_ERCH,
      WA_MCESTA_ERCH TYPE MCESTA_ERCH,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCESTA_ERCH> TYPE MCESTA_ERCH.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCESTA_ERCH.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCESTA_ERCH
  INTO TABLE IT_MCESTA_ERCH.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCESTA_ERCH
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCESTA_ERCH2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCESTA_ERCH INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCESTA_ERCH2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCESTA_ERCH ASSIGNING <MCESTA_ERCH>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCESTA_ERCH>-BELNR = 1.
<MCESTA_ERCH>-BILLRUNNO = 1.
<MCESTA_ERCH>-BUKRS = 1.
<MCESTA_ERCH>-SPARTE = 1.
<MCESTA_ERCH>-GPARTNER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCESTA_ERCH INTO WA_MCESTA_ERCH.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCESTA_ERCH-VKONT, sy-vline,
  WA_MCESTA_ERCH-VERTRAG, sy-vline,
  WA_MCESTA_ERCH-BELEGDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_MCESTA_ERCH-ABWVK, sy-vline,
  WA_MCESTA_ERCH-ABRVORG, sy-vline,
  WA_MCESTA_ERCH-HVORG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCESTA_ERCH you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCESTA_ERCH TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCESTA_ERCH INTO WA_MCESTA_ERCH.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCESTA_ERCH-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCESTA_ERCH-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BILLRUNNO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCESTA_ERCH-BILLRUNNO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCESTA_ERCH-BILLRUNNO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GPARTNER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCESTA_ERCH-GPARTNER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCESTA_ERCH-GPARTNER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VKONT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCESTA_ERCH-VKONT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCESTA_ERCH-VKONT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERTRAG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCESTA_ERCH-VERTRAG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCESTA_ERCH-VERTRAG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ABWVK
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCESTA_ERCH-ABWVK
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCESTA_ERCH-ABWVK.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KONZVER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCESTA_ERCH-KONZVER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCESTA_ERCH-KONZVER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCESTA_ERCH_STR, 
BELNR TYPE STRING,
BILLRUNNO TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
SPARTE TYPE STRING,
GPARTNER TYPE STRING,
VKONT TYPE STRING,
VERTRAG TYPE STRING,
BELEGDAT TYPE STRING,
ABWVK TYPE STRING,
ABRVORG TYPE STRING,
HVORG TYPE STRING,
KOFIZ TYPE STRING,
PORTION TYPE STRING,
KONZVER TYPE STRING,
ABLEINH TYPE STRING,
KTOKLASSE TYPE STRING,
ZUORDDAA TYPE STRING,
THGDAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-BILLRUNNO sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-SPARTE sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-GPARTNER sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-VKONT sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-VERTRAG sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-BELEGDAT sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-ABWVK sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-ABRVORG sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-HVORG sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-KOFIZ sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-PORTION sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-KONZVER sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-ABLEINH sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-KTOKLASSE sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-ZUORDDAA sy-vline 
WA_MCESTA_ERCH_STR-THGDAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.