ABAP Select data from SAP table MAIN_CRIT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MAIN_CRIT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MAIN_CRIT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MAIN_CRIT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MAIN_CRIT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MAIN_CRIT,
      WA_MAIN_CRIT TYPE MAIN_CRIT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MAIN_CRIT> TYPE MAIN_CRIT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MAIN_CRIT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MAIN_CRIT
  INTO TABLE IT_MAIN_CRIT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MAIN_CRIT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MAIN_CRIT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MAIN_CRIT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MAIN_CRIT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MAIN_CRIT ASSIGNING <MAIN_CRIT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MAIN_CRIT>-HKRIT = 1.
<MAIN_CRIT>-KRTXT = 1.
<MAIN_CRIT>-BEURT = 1.
<MAIN_CRIT>-NEWBE = 1.
<MAIN_CRIT>-GEWHK = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MAIN_CRIT INTO WA_MAIN_CRIT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MAIN_CRIT-GWPRZ, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIN_CRIT-KRAEN, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIN_CRIT-LEBEW, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIN_CRIT-LEBDT, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIN_CRIT-XFLD, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIN_CRIT-KZAUT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MAIN_CRIT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MAIN_CRIT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MAIN_CRIT INTO WA_MAIN_CRIT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MAIN_CRIT_STR, 
HKRIT TYPE STRING,
KRTXT TYPE STRING,
BEURT TYPE STRING,
NEWBE TYPE STRING,
GEWHK TYPE STRING,
GWPRZ TYPE STRING,
KRAEN TYPE STRING,
LEBEW TYPE STRING,
LEBDT TYPE STRING,
XFLD TYPE STRING,
KZAUT TYPE STRING,
UPDKZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-HKRIT sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-KRTXT sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-BEURT sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-NEWBE sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-GEWHK sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-GWPRZ sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-KRAEN sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-LEBEW sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-LEBDT sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-XFLD sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-KZAUT sy-vline 
WA_MAIN_CRIT_STR-UPDKZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.