ABAP Select data from SAP table MAIL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MAIL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MAIL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MAIL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MAIL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MAIL,
      WA_MAIL TYPE MAIL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MAIL> TYPE MAIL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MAIL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MAIL
  INTO TABLE IT_MAIL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MAIL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MAIL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MAIL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MAIL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MAIL ASSIGNING <MAIL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MAIL>-IDTXT = 1.
<MAIL>-RECV1 = 1.
<MAIL>-RECV2 = 1.
<MAIL>-RECV3 = 1.
<MAIL>-RECV4 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MAIL INTO WA_MAIL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MAIL-RECV5, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIL-RECV6, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIL-RECV7, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIL-SUBTY, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIL-OUTBX, sy-vline,
  WA_MAIL-DISTR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MAIL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MAIL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MAIL INTO WA_MAIL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MAIL_STR, 
IDTXT TYPE STRING,
RECV1 TYPE STRING,
RECV2 TYPE STRING,
RECV3 TYPE STRING,
RECV4 TYPE STRING,
RECV5 TYPE STRING,
RECV6 TYPE STRING,
RECV7 TYPE STRING,
SUBTY TYPE STRING,
OUTBX TYPE STRING,
DISTR TYPE STRING,
NAME1 TYPE STRING,
NAME2 TYPE STRING,
NAME3 TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
PAINF TYPE STRING,
PASUB TYPE STRING,
PABEG TYPE STRING,
PAEND TYPE STRING,
PAFCD TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MAIL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MAIL_STR-IDTXT sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-RECV1 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-RECV2 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-RECV3 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-RECV4 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-RECV5 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-RECV6 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-RECV7 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-SUBTY sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-OUTBX sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-DISTR sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-NAME1 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-NAME2 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-NAME3 sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-PAINF sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-PASUB sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-PABEG sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-PAEND sy-vline 
WA_MAIL_STR-PAFCD sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.