ABAP Select data from SAP table M_QMELB into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
  Get ABAP code

Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP M_QMELB table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to M_QMELB. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the M_QMELB table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_M_QMELB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF M_QMELB,
      WA_M_QMELB TYPE M_QMELB,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <M_QMELB> TYPE M_QMELB.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_M_QMELB.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM M_QMELB
  INTO TABLE IT_M_QMELB.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM M_QMELB
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_M_QMELB2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_M_QMELB INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_M_QMELB2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_M_QMELB ASSIGNING <M_QMELB>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<M_QMELB>-MANDT = 1.
<M_QMELB>-KUNUM = 1.
<M_QMELB>-LIFNUM = 1.
<M_QMELB>-MATNR = 1.
<M_QMELB>-POSID = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_M_QMELB INTO WA_M_QMELB.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_M_QMELB-QMART, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QMELB-QMNUM, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QMELB-QMTXT, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QMELB-ARTPR, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QMELB-PRIOK, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QMELB-QMDAB, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_M_QMELB you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_M_QMELB TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_M_QMELB INTO WA_M_QMELB.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_QMELB-KUNUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_QMELB-KUNUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_QMELB-LIFNUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_QMELB-LIFNUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_QMELB-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_QMELB-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ABPSN, internal->external for field POSID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ABPSN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_QMELB-POSID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_QMELB-POSID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field QMNUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_QMELB-QMNUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_QMELB-QMNUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_M_QMELB_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KUNUM TYPE STRING,
LIFNUM TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
POSID TYPE STRING,
QMART TYPE STRING,
QMNUM TYPE STRING,
QMTXT TYPE STRING,
ARTPR TYPE STRING,
PRIOK TYPE STRING,
QMDAB TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_M_QMELB_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_M_QMELB_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-KUNUM sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-LIFNUM sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-POSID sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-QMART sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-QMNUM sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-QMTXT sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-ARTPR sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-PRIOK sy-vline 
WA_M_QMELB_STR-QMDAB sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.