ABAP Select data from SAP table M_PREIA into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
  Get ABAP code

Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP M_PREIA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to M_PREIA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the M_PREIA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_M_PREIA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF M_PREIA,
      WA_M_PREIA TYPE M_PREIA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <M_PREIA> TYPE M_PREIA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_M_PREIA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM M_PREIA
  INTO TABLE IT_M_PREIA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM M_PREIA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_M_PREIA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_M_PREIA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_M_PREIA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_M_PREIA ASSIGNING <M_PREIA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<M_PREIA>-MANDT = 1.
<M_PREIA>-PREIS = 1.
<M_PREIA>-PREISTYP = 1.
<M_PREIA>-PREISTUF = 1.
<M_PREIA>-BISDATUM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_M_PREIA INTO WA_M_PREIA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_M_PREIA-AKLASSE, sy-vline,
  WA_M_PREIA-ERNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_M_PREIA-TEXT30, sy-vline,
  WA_M_PREIA-PREIGKL, sy-vline,
  WA_M_PREIA-SPRAS, sy-vline,
  WA_M_PREIA-TWAERS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_M_PREIA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_M_PREIA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_M_PREIA INTO WA_M_PREIA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PREIS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_PREIA-PREIS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_PREIA-PREIS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRAS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_PREIA-SPRAS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_PREIA-SPRAS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MASS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_PREIA-MASS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_PREIA-MASS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_M_PREIA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
PREIS TYPE STRING,
PREISTYP TYPE STRING,
PREISTUF TYPE STRING,
BISDATUM TYPE STRING,
AKLASSE TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
TEXT30 TYPE STRING,
PREIGKL TYPE STRING,
SPRAS TYPE STRING,
TWAERS TYPE STRING,
TIMBASIS TYPE STRING,
TIMTYP TYPE STRING,
ABDATUM TYPE STRING,
PREISBTR TYPE STRING,
MNGBASIS TYPE STRING,
FRAN_TYPE TYPE STRING,
SPARTE TYPE STRING,
MASS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_M_PREIA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_M_PREIA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-PREIS sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-PREISTYP sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-PREISTUF sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-BISDATUM sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-AKLASSE sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-TEXT30 sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-PREIGKL sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-SPRAS sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-TWAERS sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-TIMBASIS sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-TIMTYP sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-ABDATUM sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-PREISBTR sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-MNGBASIS sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-FRAN_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-SPARTE sy-vline 
WA_M_PREIA_STR-MASS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.