ABAP Select data from SAP table M_INVNUA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP M_INVNUA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to M_INVNUA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the M_INVNUA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_M_INVNUA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF M_INVNUA,
      WA_M_INVNUA TYPE M_INVNUA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <M_INVNUA> TYPE M_INVNUA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_M_INVNUA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM M_INVNUA
  INTO TABLE IT_M_INVNUA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM M_INVNUA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_M_INVNUA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_M_INVNUA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_M_INVNUA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_M_INVNUA ASSIGNING <M_INVNUA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<M_INVNUA>-MANDT = 1.
<M_INVNUA>-IBLNR = 1.
<M_INVNUA>-GJAHR = 1.
<M_INVNUA>-INVNU = 1.
<M_INVNUA>-WERKS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_M_INVNUA INTO WA_M_INVNUA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_M_INVNUA-LGORT, sy-vline,
  WA_M_INVNUA-GIDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_M_INVNUA-BLDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_M_INVNUA-BUDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_M_INVNUA-MONAT, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_M_INVNUA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_M_INVNUA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_M_INVNUA INTO WA_M_INVNUA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field IBLNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_INVNUA-IBLNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_INVNUA-IBLNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_INVNUA-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_INVNUA-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_M_INVNUA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
IBLNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
INVNU TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
LGORT TYPE STRING,
GIDAT TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
MONAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_M_INVNUA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-IBLNR sy-vline 
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-INVNU sy-vline 
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-LGORT sy-vline 
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-GIDAT sy-vline 
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-BLDAT sy-vline 
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_M_INVNUA_STR-MONAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.