ABAP Select data from SAP table LTVARIANT into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP LTVARIANT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to LTVARIANT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the LTVARIANT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_LTVARIANT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF LTVARIANT,
      WA_LTVARIANT TYPE LTVARIANT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <LTVARIANT> TYPE LTVARIANT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_LTVARIANT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM LTVARIANT
  INTO TABLE IT_LTVARIANT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM LTVARIANT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_LTVARIANT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_LTVARIANT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_LTVARIANT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_LTVARIANT ASSIGNING <LTVARIANT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<LTVARIANT>-RELID = 1.
<LTVARIANT>-REPORT = 1.
<LTVARIANT>-HANDLE = 1.
<LTVARIANT>-LOG_GROUP = 1.
<LTVARIANT>-USERNAME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_LTVARIANT INTO WA_LTVARIANT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_LTVARIANT-VARIANT, sy-vline,
  WA_LTVARIANT-TYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_LTVARIANT-TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_LTVARIANT-VERSION, sy-vline,
  WA_LTVARIANT-ERFDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_LTVARIANT-ERFTIME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_LTVARIANT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_LTVARIANT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_LTVARIANT INTO WA_LTVARIANT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_LTVARIANT_STR, 
RELID TYPE STRING,
REPORT TYPE STRING,
HANDLE TYPE STRING,
LOG_GROUP TYPE STRING,
USERNAME TYPE STRING,
VARIANT TYPE STRING,
TYPE TYPE STRING,
TEXT TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
ERFDAT TYPE STRING,
ERFTIME TYPE STRING,
ERFNAME TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
AETIME TYPE STRING,
AENAME TYPE STRING,
DEPENDVARS TYPE STRING,
DEFAULTVAR TYPE STRING,
INACTIVE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_LTVARIANT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-RELID sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-REPORT sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-HANDLE sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-LOG_GROUP sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-USERNAME sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-VARIANT sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-TYPE sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-TEXT sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-ERFDAT sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-ERFTIME sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-ERFNAME sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-AETIME sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-AENAME sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-DEPENDVARS sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-DEFAULTVAR sy-vline 
WA_LTVARIANT_STR-INACTIVE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.