ABAP Select data from SAP table LTBS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP LTBS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to LTBS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the LTBS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_LTBS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF LTBS,
      WA_LTBS TYPE LTBS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <LTBS> TYPE LTBS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_LTBS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM LTBS
  INTO TABLE IT_LTBS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM LTBS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_LTBS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_LTBS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_LTBS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_LTBS ASSIGNING <LTBS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<LTBS>-LGNUM = 1.
<LTBS>-BWLVS = 1.
<LTBS>-KZSEL = 1.
<LTBS>-KZAKT = 1.
<LTBS>-KZSAM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_LTBS INTO WA_LTBS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_LTBS-TRART, sy-vline,
  WA_LTBS-BETYP, sy-vline,
  WA_LTBS-TBPRI, sy-vline,
  WA_LTBS-VLTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_LTBS-NLTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_LTBS-PDATU, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_LTBS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_LTBS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_LTBS INTO WA_LTBS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LTBS-REFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LTBS-REFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BENUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LTBS-BENUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LTBS-BENUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field GEWEI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LTBS-GEWEI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LTBS-GEWEI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_LTBS_STR, 
LGNUM TYPE STRING,
BWLVS TYPE STRING,
KZSEL TYPE STRING,
KZAKT TYPE STRING,
KZSAM TYPE STRING,
TRART TYPE STRING,
BETYP TYPE STRING,
TBPRI TYPE STRING,
VLTYP TYPE STRING,
NLTYP TYPE STRING,
PDATU TYPE STRING,
PZEIT TYPE STRING,
REFNR TYPE STRING,
TBNUM TYPE STRING,
ANZPS TYPE STRING,
BENUM TYPE STRING,
BRGEW TYPE STRING,
GEWEI TYPE STRING,
RSNUM TYPE STRING,
STATU TYPE STRING,
BNAME TYPE STRING,
BDATU TYPE STRING,
TBKTX TYPE STRING,
BWART TYPE STRING,
VLPLA TYPE STRING,
NLPLA TYPE STRING,
LZNUM TYPE STRING,
KBNKZ TYPE STRING,
LBWAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_LTBS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_LTBS_STR-LGNUM sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-BWLVS sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-KZSEL sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-KZAKT sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-KZSAM sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-TRART sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-BETYP sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-TBPRI sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-VLTYP sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-NLTYP sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-PDATU sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-PZEIT sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-REFNR sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-TBNUM sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-ANZPS sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-BENUM sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-BRGEW sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-GEWEI sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-RSNUM sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-STATU sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-BNAME sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-BDATU sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-TBKTX sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-BWART sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-VLPLA sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-NLPLA sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-LZNUM sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-KBNKZ sy-vline 
WA_LTBS_STR-LBWAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.