ABAP Select data from SAP table LTAPE into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP LTAPE table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to LTAPE. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the LTAPE table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_LTAPE TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF LTAPE,
      WA_LTAPE TYPE LTAPE,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <LTAPE> TYPE LTAPE.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_LTAPE.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM LTAPE
  INTO TABLE IT_LTAPE.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM LTAPE
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_LTAPE2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_LTAPE INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_LTAPE2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_LTAPE ASSIGNING <LTAPE>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<LTAPE>-XPNUM = 1.
<LTAPE>-ANFML = 1.
<LTAPE>-ANFME = 1.
<LTAPE>-NLTYP = 1.
<LTAPE>-NLBER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_LTAPE INTO WA_LTAPE.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_LTAPE-NLPLA, sy-vline,
  WA_LTAPE-NPPOS, sy-vline,
  WA_LTAPE-LETYP, sy-vline,
  WA_LTAPE-NLQNR, sy-vline,
  WA_LTAPE-XTAPS, sy-vline,
  WA_LTAPE-TAPOS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_LTAPE you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_LTAPE TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_LTAPE INTO WA_LTAPE.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit LENUM, internal->external for field NLENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_LENUM_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LTAPE-NLENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LTAPE-NLENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_LTAPE_STR, 
XPNUM TYPE STRING,
ANFML TYPE STRING,
ANFME TYPE STRING,
NLTYP TYPE STRING,
NLBER TYPE STRING,
NLPLA TYPE STRING,
NPPOS TYPE STRING,
LETYP TYPE STRING,
NLQNR TYPE STRING,
XTAPS TYPE STRING,
TAPOS TYPE STRING,
LANUM TYPE STRING,
KZFEH TYPE STRING,
NLENR TYPE STRING,
SELKZ TYPE STRING,
CHARG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_LTAPE_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_LTAPE_STR-XPNUM sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-ANFML sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-ANFME sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-NLTYP sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-NLBER sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-NLPLA sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-NPPOS sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-LETYP sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-NLQNR sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-XTAPS sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-TAPOS sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-LANUM sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-KZFEH sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-NLENR sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-SELKZ sy-vline 
WA_LTAPE_STR-CHARG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.