ABAP Select data from SAP table LCPOS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP LCPOS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to LCPOS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the LCPOS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_LCPOS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF LCPOS,
      WA_LCPOS TYPE LCPOS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <LCPOS> TYPE LCPOS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_LCPOS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM LCPOS
  INTO TABLE IT_LCPOS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM LCPOS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_LCPOS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_LCPOS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_LCPOS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_LCPOS ASSIGNING <LCPOS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<LCPOS>-RCLNT = 1.
<LCPOS>-DOCNR = 1.
<LCPOS>-DOCLN = 1.
<LCPOS>-RYEAR = 1.
<LCPOS>-POPER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_LCPOS INTO WA_LCPOS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_LCPOS-TSL, sy-vline,
  WA_LCPOS-HSL, sy-vline,
  WA_LCPOS-KSL, sy-vline,
  WA_LCPOS-RTCUR, sy-vline,
  WA_LCPOS-RHCUR, sy-vline,
  WA_LCPOS-RKCUR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_LCPOS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_LCPOS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_LCPOS INTO WA_LCPOS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LCPOS-DOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LCPOS-DOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field RYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LCPOS-RYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LCPOS-RYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RCOMP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LCPOS-RCOMP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LCPOS-RCOMP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RASSC
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LCPOS-RASSC
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LCPOS-RASSC.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RACCT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LCPOS-RACCT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LCPOS-RACCT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCTY
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LCPOS-DOCTY
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LCPOS-DOCTY.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RVSDOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LCPOS-RVSDOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LCPOS-RVSDOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ORNDOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LCPOS-ORNDOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LCPOS-ORNDOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_LCPOS_STR, 
RCLNT TYPE STRING,
DOCNR TYPE STRING,
DOCLN TYPE STRING,
RYEAR TYPE STRING,
POPER TYPE STRING,
TSL TYPE STRING,
HSL TYPE STRING,
KSL TYPE STRING,
RTCUR TYPE STRING,
RHCUR TYPE STRING,
RKCUR TYPE STRING,
RCOMP TYPE STRING,
RASSC TYPE STRING,
RACCT TYPE STRING,
RMVCT TYPE STRING,
RLEVL TYPE STRING,
DOCTY TYPE STRING,
CPUDT TYPE STRING,
CPUTM TYPE STRING,
USNAM TYPE STRING,
AUTOM TYPE STRING,
STOR1 TYPE STRING,
STOR2 TYPE STRING,
RVSDOCNR TYPE STRING,
ORNDOCNR TYPE STRING,
ADFLD1 TYPE STRING,
ADFLD2 TYPE STRING,
ADFLD3 TYPE STRING,
SGTXT TYPE STRING,
DOCTX TYPE STRING,
POSTX TYPE STRING,
MVCTX TYPE STRING,
CPNAM TYPE STRING,
PCNAM TYPE STRING,
SELKZ TYPE STRING,
ACTIV TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_LCPOS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_LCPOS_STR-RCLNT sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-DOCNR sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-DOCLN sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RYEAR sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-POPER sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-TSL sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-HSL sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-KSL sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RTCUR sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RHCUR sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RKCUR sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RCOMP sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RASSC sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RACCT sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RMVCT sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RLEVL sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-DOCTY sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-CPUDT sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-CPUTM sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-USNAM sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-AUTOM sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-STOR1 sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-STOR2 sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-RVSDOCNR sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-ORNDOCNR sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-ADFLD1 sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-ADFLD2 sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-ADFLD3 sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-SGTXT sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-DOCTX sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-POSTX sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-MVCTX sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-CPNAM sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-PCNAM sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-SELKZ sy-vline 
WA_LCPOS_STR-ACTIV sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.