ABAP Select data from SAP table KOSTV into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP KOSTV table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to KOSTV. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the KOSTV table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_KOSTV TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF KOSTV,
      WA_KOSTV TYPE KOSTV,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <KOSTV> TYPE KOSTV.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_KOSTV.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM KOSTV
  INTO TABLE IT_KOSTV.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM KOSTV
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_KOSTV2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_KOSTV INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_KOSTV2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_KOSTV ASSIGNING <KOSTV>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<KOSTV>-VERSN = 1.
<KOSTV>-BUKRS = 1.
<KOSTV>-KOKRS = 1.
<KOSTV>-BEZEI = 1.
<KOSTV>-KOSTL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_KOSTV INTO WA_KOSTV.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_KOSTV-OBJNR, sy-vline,
  WA_KOSTV-KTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_KOSTV-KSGRU, sy-vline,
  WA_KOSTV-TITLE, sy-vline,
  WA_KOSTV-WAERS, sy-vline,
  WA_KOSTV-JAHRA, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_KOSTV you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_KOSTV TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_KOSTV INTO WA_KOSTV.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KOSTV-VERSN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KOSTV-VERSN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KOSTV-KOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KOSTV-KOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAHRA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KOSTV-JAHRA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KOSTV-JAHRA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAHRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KOSTV-JAHRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KOSTV-JAHRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_KOSTV_STR, 
VERSN TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
BEZEI TYPE STRING,
KOSTL TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
KTEXT TYPE STRING,
KSGRU TYPE STRING,
TITLE TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
JAHRA TYPE STRING,
JAHRE TYPE STRING,
PEJA TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_KOSTV_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_KOSTV_STR-VERSN sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-BEZEI sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-KOSTL sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-KTEXT sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-KSGRU sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-TITLE sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-JAHRA sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-JAHRE sy-vline 
WA_KOSTV_STR-PEJA sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.