ABAP Select data from SAP table KNB4 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP KNB4 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to KNB4. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the KNB4 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_KNB4 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF KNB4,
      WA_KNB4 TYPE KNB4,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <KNB4> TYPE KNB4.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_KNB4.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM KNB4
  INTO TABLE IT_KNB4.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM KNB4
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_KNB42).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_KNB4 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_KNB42).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_KNB4 ASSIGNING <KNB4>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<KNB4>-MANDT = 1.
<KNB4>-KUNNR = 1.
<KNB4>-BUKRS = 1.
<KNB4>-AUFZD = 1.
<KNB4>-JAH01 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_KNB4 INTO WA_KNB4.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_KNB4-MON01, sy-vline,
  WA_KNB4-AGS01, sy-vline,
  WA_KNB4-VZS01, sy-vline,
  WA_KNB4-AGN01, sy-vline,
  WA_KNB4-VZN01, sy-vline,
  WA_KNB4-ANZ01, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_KNB4 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_KNB4 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_KNB4 INTO WA_KNB4.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH01
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH01
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH01.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH02
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH02
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH02.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH03
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH03
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH03.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH04
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH04
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH04.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH05
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH05
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH05.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH06
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH06
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH06.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH07
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH07
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH07.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH08
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH08
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH08.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH09
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH09
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH09.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH10
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH10
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH10.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH11
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH11
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH11.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH12
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH12
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH12.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH13
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH13
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH13.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH14
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH14
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH14.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH15
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH15
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH15.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field JAH16
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_KNB4-JAH16
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_KNB4-JAH16.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_KNB4_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
AUFZD TYPE STRING,
JAH01 TYPE STRING,
MON01 TYPE STRING,
AGS01 TYPE STRING,
VZS01 TYPE STRING,
AGN01 TYPE STRING,
VZN01 TYPE STRING,
ANZ01 TYPE STRING,
JAH02 TYPE STRING,
MON02 TYPE STRING,
AGS02 TYPE STRING,
VZS02 TYPE STRING,
AGN02 TYPE STRING,
VZN02 TYPE STRING,
ANZ02 TYPE STRING,
JAH03 TYPE STRING,
MON03 TYPE STRING,
AGS03 TYPE STRING,
VZS03 TYPE STRING,
AGN03 TYPE STRING,
VZN03 TYPE STRING,
ANZ03 TYPE STRING,
JAH04 TYPE STRING,
MON04 TYPE STRING,
AGS04 TYPE STRING,
VZS04 TYPE STRING,
AGN04 TYPE STRING,
VZN04 TYPE STRING,
ANZ04 TYPE STRING,
JAH05 TYPE STRING,
MON05 TYPE STRING,
AGS05 TYPE STRING,
VZS05 TYPE STRING,
AGN05 TYPE STRING,
VZN05 TYPE STRING,
ANZ05 TYPE STRING,
JAH06 TYPE STRING,
MON06 TYPE STRING,
AGS06 TYPE STRING,
VZS06 TYPE STRING,
AGN06 TYPE STRING,
VZN06 TYPE STRING,
ANZ06 TYPE STRING,
JAH07 TYPE STRING,
MON07 TYPE STRING,
AGS07 TYPE STRING,
VZS07 TYPE STRING,
AGN07 TYPE STRING,
VZN07 TYPE STRING,
ANZ07 TYPE STRING,
JAH08 TYPE STRING,
MON08 TYPE STRING,
AGS08 TYPE STRING,
VZS08 TYPE STRING,
AGN08 TYPE STRING,
VZN08 TYPE STRING,
ANZ08 TYPE STRING,
JAH09 TYPE STRING,
MON09 TYPE STRING,
AGS09 TYPE STRING,
VZS09 TYPE STRING,
AGN09 TYPE STRING,
VZN09 TYPE STRING,
ANZ09 TYPE STRING,
JAH10 TYPE STRING,
MON10 TYPE STRING,
AGS10 TYPE STRING,
VZS10 TYPE STRING,
AGN10 TYPE STRING,
VZN10 TYPE STRING,
ANZ10 TYPE STRING,
JAH11 TYPE STRING,
MON11 TYPE STRING,
AGS11 TYPE STRING,
VZS11 TYPE STRING,
AGN11 TYPE STRING,
VZN11 TYPE STRING,
ANZ11 TYPE STRING,
JAH12 TYPE STRING,
MON12 TYPE STRING,
AGS12 TYPE STRING,
VZS12 TYPE STRING,
AGN12 TYPE STRING,
VZN12 TYPE STRING,
ANZ12 TYPE STRING,
JAH13 TYPE STRING,
MON13 TYPE STRING,
AGS13 TYPE STRING,
VZS13 TYPE STRING,
AGN13 TYPE STRING,
VZN13 TYPE STRING,
ANZ13 TYPE STRING,
JAH14 TYPE STRING,
MON14 TYPE STRING,
AGS14 TYPE STRING,
VZS14 TYPE STRING,
AGN14 TYPE STRING,
VZN14 TYPE STRING,
ANZ14 TYPE STRING,
JAH15 TYPE STRING,
MON15 TYPE STRING,
AGS15 TYPE STRING,
VZS15 TYPE STRING,
AGN15 TYPE STRING,
VZN15 TYPE STRING,
ANZ15 TYPE STRING,
JAH16 TYPE STRING,
MON16 TYPE STRING,
AGS16 TYPE STRING,
VZS16 TYPE STRING,
AGN16 TYPE STRING,
VZN16 TYPE STRING,
ANZ16 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_KNB4_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_KNB4_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AUFZD sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH01 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON01 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS01 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS01 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN01 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN01 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ01 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH02 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON02 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS02 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS02 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN02 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN02 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ02 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH03 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON03 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS03 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS03 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN03 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN03 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ03 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH04 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON04 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS04 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS04 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN04 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN04 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ04 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH05 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON05 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS05 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS05 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN05 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN05 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ05 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH06 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON06 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS06 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS06 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN06 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN06 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ06 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH07 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON07 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS07 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS07 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN07 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN07 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ07 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH08 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON08 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS08 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS08 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN08 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN08 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ08 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH09 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON09 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS09 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS09 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN09 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN09 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ09 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH10 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON10 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS10 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS10 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN10 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN10 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ10 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH11 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON11 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS11 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS11 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN11 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN11 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ11 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH12 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON12 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS12 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS12 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN12 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN12 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ12 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH13 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON13 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS13 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS13 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN13 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN13 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ13 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH14 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON14 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS14 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS14 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN14 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN14 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ14 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH15 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON15 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS15 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS15 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN15 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN15 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ15 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-JAH16 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-MON16 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGS16 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZS16 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-AGN16 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-VZN16 sy-vline 
WA_KNB4_STR-ANZ16 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.