ABAP Select data from SAP table IMAKPA_M into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP IMAKPA_M table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to IMAKPA_M. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the IMAKPA_M table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_IMAKPA_M TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF IMAKPA_M,
      WA_IMAKPA_M TYPE IMAKPA_M,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <IMAKPA_M> TYPE IMAKPA_M.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_IMAKPA_M.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM IMAKPA_M
  INTO TABLE IT_IMAKPA_M.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM IMAKPA_M
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_IMAKPA_M2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_IMAKPA_M INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_IMAKPA_M2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_IMAKPA_M ASSIGNING <IMAKPA_M>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<IMAKPA_M>-MANDT = 1.
<IMAKPA_M>-POSNR = 1.
<IMAKPA_M>-LFDNR = 1.
<IMAKPA_M>-AKOSTL = 1.
<IMAKPA_M>-AGSBER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_IMAKPA_M INTO WA_IMAKPA_M.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR, sy-vline,
  WA_IMAKPA_M-APROZ, sy-vline,
  WA_IMAKPA_M-AKOSTL1, sy-vline,
  WA_IMAKPA_M-AGSBER1, sy-vline,
  WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR1, sy-vline,
  WA_IMAKPA_M-APROZ1, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_IMAKPA_M you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_IMAKPA_M TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_IMAKPA_M INTO WA_IMAKPA_M.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit REQNR, internal->external for field POSNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_REQNR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMAKPA_M-POSNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMAKPA_M-POSNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AKOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMAKPA_M-AKOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMAKPA_M-AKOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field APRCTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AKOSTL1
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMAKPA_M-AKOSTL1
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMAKPA_M-AKOSTL1.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field APRCTR1
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR1
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR1.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AKOSTL2
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMAKPA_M-AKOSTL2
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMAKPA_M-AKOSTL2.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field APRCTR2
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR2
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR2.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AKOSTL3
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMAKPA_M-AKOSTL3
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMAKPA_M-AKOSTL3.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field APRCTR3
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR3
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMAKPA_M-APRCTR3.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_IMAKPA_M_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
LFDNR TYPE STRING,
AKOSTL TYPE STRING,
AGSBER TYPE STRING,
APRCTR TYPE STRING,
APROZ TYPE STRING,
AKOSTL1 TYPE STRING,
AGSBER1 TYPE STRING,
APRCTR1 TYPE STRING,
APROZ1 TYPE STRING,
AKOSTL2 TYPE STRING,
AGSBER2 TYPE STRING,
APRCTR2 TYPE STRING,
APROZ2 TYPE STRING,
AKOSTL3 TYPE STRING,
AGSBER3 TYPE STRING,
APRCTR3 TYPE STRING,
APROZ3 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_IMAKPA_M_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-LFDNR sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-AKOSTL sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-AGSBER sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-APRCTR sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-APROZ sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-AKOSTL1 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-AGSBER1 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-APRCTR1 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-APROZ1 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-AKOSTL2 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-AGSBER2 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-APRCTR2 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-APROZ2 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-AKOSTL3 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-AGSBER3 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-APRCTR3 sy-vline 
WA_IMAKPA_M_STR-APROZ3 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.