ABAP Select data from SAP table IFICOSTELMNT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP IFICOSTELMNT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to IFICOSTELMNT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the IFICOSTELMNT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_IFICOSTELMNT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF IFICOSTELMNT,
      WA_IFICOSTELMNT TYPE IFICOSTELMNT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <IFICOSTELMNT> TYPE IFICOSTELMNT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_IFICOSTELMNT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM IFICOSTELMNT
  INTO TABLE IT_IFICOSTELMNT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM IFICOSTELMNT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_IFICOSTELMNT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_IFICOSTELMNT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_IFICOSTELMNT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_IFICOSTELMNT ASSIGNING <IFICOSTELMNT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<IFICOSTELMNT>-MANDT = 1.
<IFICOSTELMNT>-CONTROLLINGAREA = 1.
<IFICOSTELMNT>-COSTELEMENT = 1.
<IFICOSTELMNT>-VALIDITYSTARTDATE = 1.
<IFICOSTELMNT>-VALIDITYENDDATE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_IFICOSTELMNT INTO WA_IFICOSTELMNT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_IFICOSTELMNT-COSTELEMENTCATEGORY, sy-vline,
  WA_IFICOSTELMNT-CONSUMPTIONQTYISRECORDED, sy-vline,
  WA_IFICOSTELMNT-UNITOFMEASURE, sy-vline,
  WA_IFICOSTELMNT-CHARTOFACCOUNTS, sy-vline,
  WA_IFICOSTELMNT-GLACCOUNT, sy-vline,
  WA_IFICOSTELMNT-CREATIONDATE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_IFICOSTELMNT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_IFICOSTELMNT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_IFICOSTELMNT INTO WA_IFICOSTELMNT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field COSTELEMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IFICOSTELMNT-COSTELEMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IFICOSTELMNT-COSTELEMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field COSTELEMENTCATEGORY
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IFICOSTELMNT-COSTELEMENTCATEGORY
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IFICOSTELMNT-COSTELEMENTCATEGORY.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field UNITOFMEASURE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IFICOSTELMNT-UNITOFMEASURE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IFICOSTELMNT-UNITOFMEASURE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GLACCOUNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IFICOSTELMNT-GLACCOUNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IFICOSTELMNT-GLACCOUNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_IFICOSTELMNT_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
CONTROLLINGAREA TYPE STRING,
COSTELEMENT TYPE STRING,
VALIDITYSTARTDATE TYPE STRING,
VALIDITYENDDATE TYPE STRING,
COSTELEMENTCATEGORY TYPE STRING,
CONSUMPTIONQTYISRECORDED TYPE STRING,
UNITOFMEASURE TYPE STRING,
CHARTOFACCOUNTS TYPE STRING,
GLACCOUNT TYPE STRING,
CREATIONDATE TYPE STRING,
CREATEDBYUSER TYPE STRING,
FUNCTIONALAREA TYPE STRING,
ACCTASSIGNMENTISSTATISTICAL TYPE STRING,
LASTCHANGEDATETIME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-CONTROLLINGAREA sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-COSTELEMENT sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-VALIDITYSTARTDATE sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-VALIDITYENDDATE sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-COSTELEMENTCATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-CONSUMPTIONQTYISRECORDED sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-UNITOFMEASURE sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-CHARTOFACCOUNTS sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-GLACCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-CREATIONDATE sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-CREATEDBYUSER sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-FUNCTIONALAREA sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-ACCTASSIGNMENTISSTATISTICAL sy-vline 
WA_IFICOSTELMNT_STR-LASTCHANGEDATETIME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.