ABAP Select data from SAP table ID_VH into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ID_VH table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ID_VH. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ID_VH table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ID_VH TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ID_VH,
      WA_ID_VH TYPE ID_VH,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ID_VH> TYPE ID_VH.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ID_VH.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ID_VH
  INTO TABLE IT_ID_VH.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ID_VH
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ID_VH2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ID_VH INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ID_VH2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ID_VH ASSIGNING <ID_VH>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ID_VH>-MANDT = 1.
<ID_VH>-DEFECTINTERNALID = 1.
<ID_VH>-DEFECT = 1.
<ID_VH>-DEFECTTEXT = 1.
<ID_VH>-DEFECTCODEGROUP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ID_VH INTO WA_ID_VH.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ID_VH-DEFECTCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_ID_VH-MATERIAL, sy-vline,
  WA_ID_VH-PLANT, sy-vline,
  WA_ID_VH-INSPECTIONLOT, sy-vline,
  WA_ID_VH-DEFECTCATEGORY, sy-vline,
  WA_ID_VH-MAINWORKCENTER, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ID_VH you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ID_VH TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ID_VH INTO WA_ID_VH.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DEFECT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ID_VH-DEFECT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ID_VH-DEFECT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATERIAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ID_VH-MATERIAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ID_VH-MATERIAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field INSPECTIONLOT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ID_VH-INSPECTIONLOT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ID_VH-INSPECTIONLOT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ID_VH_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
DEFECTINTERNALID TYPE STRING,
DEFECT TYPE STRING,
DEFECTTEXT TYPE STRING,
DEFECTCODEGROUP TYPE STRING,
DEFECTCODE TYPE STRING,
MATERIAL TYPE STRING,
PLANT TYPE STRING,
INSPECTIONLOT TYPE STRING,
DEFECTCATEGORY TYPE STRING,
MAINWORKCENTER TYPE STRING,
MAINWORKCENTERPLANT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ID_VH_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ID_VH_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-DEFECTINTERNALID sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-DEFECT sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-DEFECTTEXT sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-DEFECTCODEGROUP sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-DEFECTCODE sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-MATERIAL sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-PLANT sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-INSPECTIONLOT sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-DEFECTCATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-MAINWORKCENTER sy-vline 
WA_ID_VH_STR-MAINWORKCENTERPLANT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.