ABAP Select data from SAP table IBSTCM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP IBSTCM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to IBSTCM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the IBSTCM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_IBSTCM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF IBSTCM,
      WA_IBSTCM TYPE IBSTCM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <IBSTCM> TYPE IBSTCM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_IBSTCM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM IBSTCM
  INTO TABLE IT_IBSTCM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM IBSTCM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_IBSTCM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_IBSTCM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_IBSTCM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_IBSTCM ASSIGNING <IBSTCM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<IBSTCM>-MANDT = 1.
<IBSTCM>-ST_RECNO = 1.
<IBSTCM>-VALFR = 1.
<IBSTCM>-VALTO = 1.
<IBSTCM>-AENNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_IBSTCM INTO WA_IBSTCM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_IBSTCM-DELFLAG, sy-vline,
  WA_IBSTCM-CRNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_IBSTCM-CRTIM, sy-vline,
  WA_IBSTCM-UPNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_IBSTCM-UPTIM, sy-vline,
  WA_IBSTCM-INSTANCE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_IBSTCM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_IBSTCM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_IBSTCM INTO WA_IBSTCM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit TSTPS, internal->external for field VALFR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TSTPS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IBSTCM-VALFR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IBSTCM-VALFR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TSTPS, internal->external for field VALTO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TSTPS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IBSTCM-VALTO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IBSTCM-VALTO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AENNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IBSTCM-AENNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IBSTCM-AENNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TSTPS, internal->external for field CRTIM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TSTPS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IBSTCM-CRTIM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IBSTCM-CRTIM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TSTPS, internal->external for field UPTIM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TSTPS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IBSTCM-UPTIM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IBSTCM-UPTIM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field INSTANCE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IBSTCM-INSTANCE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IBSTCM-INSTANCE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PARENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IBSTCM-PARENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IBSTCM-PARENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ROOT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IBSTCM-ROOT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IBSTCM-ROOT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field IBASE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IBSTCM-IBASE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IBSTCM-IBASE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_IBSTCM_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
ST_RECNO TYPE STRING,
VALFR TYPE STRING,
VALTO TYPE STRING,
AENNR TYPE STRING,
DELFLAG TYPE STRING,
CRNAM TYPE STRING,
CRTIM TYPE STRING,
UPNAM TYPE STRING,
UPTIM TYPE STRING,
INSTANCE TYPE STRING,
POSNO TYPE STRING,
PARENT TYPE STRING,
ROOT TYPE STRING,
IBASE TYPE STRING,
ATAUT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_IBSTCM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_IBSTCM_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-ST_RECNO sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-VALFR sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-VALTO sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-AENNR sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-DELFLAG sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-CRNAM sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-CRTIM sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-UPNAM sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-UPTIM sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-INSTANCE sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-POSNO sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-PARENT sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-ROOT sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-IBASE sy-vline 
WA_IBSTCM_STR-ATAUT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.