ABAP Select data from SAP table HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION,
      WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION TYPE HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION> TYPE HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION
  INTO TABLE IT_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION ASSIGNING <HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION>-CHANGE_STATE_ID = 1.
<HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION>-MANDT = 1.
<HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION>-PLVAR = 1.
<HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION>-OTYPE = 1.
<HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION>-OBJID = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION INTO WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION-INFTY, sy-vline,
  WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION-SUBTY, sy-vline,
  WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION-ISTAT, sy-vline,
  WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION-PRIOX, sy-vline,
  WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION-BEGDA, sy-vline,
  WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION-ENDDA, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION INTO WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION-LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION-LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR, 
CHANGE_STATE_ID TYPE STRING,
MANDT TYPE STRING,
PLVAR TYPE STRING,
OTYPE TYPE STRING,
OBJID TYPE STRING,
INFTY TYPE STRING,
SUBTY TYPE STRING,
ISTAT TYPE STRING,
PRIOX TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
LANGU TYPE STRING,
FILLER TYPE STRING,
SEQNR TYPE STRING,
VALIDITY_PERIOD TYPE STRING,
START_DATE TYPE STRING,
END_DATE TYPE STRING,
GENERAL_DESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-CHANGE_STATE_ID sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-PLVAR sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-OTYPE sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-OBJID sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-INFTY sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-SUBTY sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-ISTAT sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-PRIOX sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-LANGU sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-FILLER sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-SEQNR sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-VALIDITY_PERIOD sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-START_DATE sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-END_DATE sy-vline 
WA_HRTMC_S_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION_STR-GENERAL_DESCRIPTION sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.