ABAP Select data from SAP table HELP_OPERA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP HELP_OPERA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to HELP_OPERA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the HELP_OPERA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_HELP_OPERA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF HELP_OPERA,
      WA_HELP_OPERA TYPE HELP_OPERA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <HELP_OPERA> TYPE HELP_OPERA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_HELP_OPERA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM HELP_OPERA
  INTO TABLE IT_HELP_OPERA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM HELP_OPERA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_HELP_OPERA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_HELP_OPERA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_HELP_OPERA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_HELP_OPERA ASSIGNING <HELP_OPERA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<HELP_OPERA>-OPERAND = 1.
<HELP_OPERA>-TEXT30 = 1.
<HELP_OPERA>-MASS = 1.
<HELP_OPERA>-ORGWERT = 1.
<HELP_OPERA>-TAZUORD = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_HELP_OPERA INTO WA_HELP_OPERA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_HELP_OPERA-RUNDUNG, sy-vline,
  WA_HELP_OPERA-RUNDART, sy-vline,
  WA_HELP_OPERA-LEISTALL, sy-vline,
  WA_HELP_OPERA-LEISTMONAT, sy-vline,
  WA_HELP_OPERA-BZGART, sy-vline,
  WA_HELP_OPERA-UMZUGKZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_HELP_OPERA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_HELP_OPERA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_HELP_OPERA INTO WA_HELP_OPERA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MASS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_HELP_OPERA-MASS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_HELP_OPERA-MASS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_HELP_OPERA_STR, 
OPERAND TYPE STRING,
TEXT30 TYPE STRING,
MASS TYPE STRING,
ORGWERT TYPE STRING,
TAZUORD TYPE STRING,
RUNDUNG TYPE STRING,
RUNDART TYPE STRING,
LEISTALL TYPE STRING,
LEISTMONAT TYPE STRING,
BZGART TYPE STRING,
UMZUGKZ TYPE STRING,
HISTSTEU TYPE STRING,
ABLESGRUP TYPE STRING,
GEWKEY TYPE STRING,
SELCONTROL TYPE STRING,
REG_OPERAND TYPE STRING,
RTPOPERAND TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_HELP_OPERA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-OPERAND sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-TEXT30 sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-MASS sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-ORGWERT sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-TAZUORD sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-RUNDUNG sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-RUNDART sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-LEISTALL sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-LEISTMONAT sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-BZGART sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-UMZUGKZ sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-HISTSTEU sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-ABLESGRUP sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-GEWKEY sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-SELCONTROL sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-REG_OPERAND sy-vline 
WA_HELP_OPERA_STR-RTPOPERAND sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.