ABAP Select data from SAP table GVIAK01 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GVIAK01 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GVIAK01. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GVIAK01 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GVIAK01 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GVIAK01,
      WA_GVIAK01 TYPE GVIAK01,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GVIAK01> TYPE GVIAK01.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GVIAK01.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GVIAK01
  INTO TABLE IT_GVIAK01.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GVIAK01
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GVIAK012).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GVIAK01 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GVIAK012).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GVIAK01 ASSIGNING <GVIAK01>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GVIAK01>-MANDT = 1.
<GVIAK01>-BUKRS = 1.
<GVIAK01>-SWENR = 1.
<GVIAK01>-SNKSL = 1.
<GVIAK01>-SEMPSL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GVIAK01 INTO WA_GVIAK01.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GVIAK01-DVONPER, sy-vline,
  WA_GVIAK01-DBISPER, sy-vline,
  WA_GVIAK01-NAJAHR, sy-vline,
  WA_GVIAK01-ABRVAR, sy-vline,
  WA_GVIAK01-XAPER, sy-vline,
  WA_GVIAK01-DABR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GVIAK01 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GVIAK01 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GVIAK01 INTO WA_GVIAK01.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit SWENR, internal->external for field SWENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SWENR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GVIAK01-SWENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GVIAK01-SWENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SNKSL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GVIAK01-SNKSL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GVIAK01-SNKSL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SEMPSL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GVIAK01-SEMPSL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GVIAK01-SEMPSL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field NAJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GVIAK01-NAJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GVIAK01-NAJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field XAPER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GVIAK01-XAPER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GVIAK01-XAPER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GVIAK01_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
SWENR TYPE STRING,
SNKSL TYPE STRING,
SEMPSL TYPE STRING,
DVONPER TYPE STRING,
DBISPER TYPE STRING,
NAJAHR TYPE STRING,
ABRVAR TYPE STRING,
XAPER TYPE STRING,
DABR TYPE STRING,
RABRSTAT TYPE STRING,
BEINHNET TYPE STRING,
BEINHBRT TYPE STRING,
VVABBLN TYPE STRING,
PVWHON TYPE STRING,
KZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GVIAK01_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GVIAK01_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-SWENR sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-SNKSL sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-SEMPSL sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-DVONPER sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-DBISPER sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-NAJAHR sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-ABRVAR sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-XAPER sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-DABR sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-RABRSTAT sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-BEINHNET sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-BEINHBRT sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-VVABBLN sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-PVWHON sy-vline 
WA_GVIAK01_STR-KZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.