ABAP Select data from SAP table GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER,
      WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER TYPE GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER> TYPE GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER
  INTO TABLE IT_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER ASSIGNING <GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER>-QUESTION_ID = 1.
<GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER>-QCATEGORY = 1.
<GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER>-ATYPE = 1.
<GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER>-RTYPE = 1.
<GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER>-ACOMMENT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER INTO WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER-TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER-QNUMBER, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER-CHOICES, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER-RATING, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER-COMMENTS, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER-PERCENTAGE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER INTO WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR, 
QUESTION_ID TYPE STRING,
QCATEGORY TYPE STRING,
ATYPE TYPE STRING,
RTYPE TYPE STRING,
ACOMMENT TYPE STRING,
TEXT TYPE STRING,
QNUMBER TYPE STRING,
CHOICES TYPE STRING,
RATING TYPE STRING,
COMMENTS TYPE STRING,
PERCENTAGE TYPE STRING,
AMOUNT TYPE STRING,
CURRENCY TYPE STRING,
IMPACT_LEVEL TYPE STRING,
PROB_LEVEL TYPE STRING,
SPEED_OF_ONSET TYPE STRING,
CUST_CHOICE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-QUESTION_ID sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-QCATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-ATYPE sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-RTYPE sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-ACOMMENT sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-TEXT sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-QNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-CHOICES sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-RATING sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-COMMENTS sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-PERCENTAGE sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-AMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-CURRENCY sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-IMPACT_LEVEL sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-PROB_LEVEL sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-SPEED_OF_ONSET sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_QUESTION_ANSWER_STR-CUST_CHOICE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.