ABAP Select data from SAP table GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON,
      WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON TYPE GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON> TYPE GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON
  INTO TABLE IT_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON ASSIGNING <GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON>-ID = 1.
<GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON>-NAME = 1.
<GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON>-DESCR = 1.
<GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON>-VALID_FROM = 1.
<GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON>-VALID_TO = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON INTO WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON-PARENT, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON-ID, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON-DESCR, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON-LTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON-VALIDFROM, sy-vline,
  WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON-VALIDTO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON INTO WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR, 
ID TYPE STRING,
NAME TYPE STRING,
DESCR TYPE STRING,
VALID_FROM TYPE STRING,
VALID_TO TYPE STRING,
PARENT TYPE STRING,
ID TYPE STRING,
DESCR TYPE STRING,
LTEXT TYPE STRING,
VALIDFROM TYPE STRING,
VALIDTO TYPE STRING,
ORGUNIT TYPE STRING,
ID TYPE STRING,
DESCR TYPE STRING,
LTEXT TYPE STRING,
VALIDFROM TYPE STRING,
VALIDTO TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-ID sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-NAME sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-DESCR sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-VALID_FROM sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-VALID_TO sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-PARENT sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-ID sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-DESCR sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-LTEXT sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-VALIDFROM sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-VALIDTO sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-ORGUNIT sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-ID sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-DESCR sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-LTEXT sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-VALIDFROM sy-vline 
WA_GRFN_S_API_MD_COMMON_STR-VALIDTO sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.