ABAP Select data from SAP table GRACALHDR into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GRACALHDR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GRACALHDR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GRACALHDR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GRACALHDR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GRACALHDR,
      WA_GRACALHDR TYPE GRACALHDR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GRACALHDR> TYPE GRACALHDR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GRACALHDR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GRACALHDR
  INTO TABLE IT_GRACALHDR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GRACALHDR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GRACALHDR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GRACALHDR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GRACALHDR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GRACALHDR ASSIGNING <GRACALHDR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GRACALHDR>-MANDT = 1.
<GRACALHDR>-ALERTID = 1.
<GRACALHDR>-ALERTTYPE = 1.
<GRACALHDR>-BPROC = 1.
<GRACALHDR>-USERID = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GRACALHDR INTO WA_GRACALHDR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GRACALHDR-CONNECTOR, sy-vline,
  WA_GRACALHDR-RISKID, sy-vline,
  WA_GRACALHDR-ACTRULEID, sy-vline,
  WA_GRACALHDR-CONTROLID, sy-vline,
  WA_GRACALHDR-CREATEDON, sy-vline,
  WA_GRACALHDR-CLEARED, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GRACALHDR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GRACALHDR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GRACALHDR INTO WA_GRACALHDR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit TSTPS, internal->external for field CREATEDON
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TSTPS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GRACALHDR-CREATEDON
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GRACALHDR-CREATEDON.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TSTPS, internal->external for field CLEAREDON
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TSTPS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GRACALHDR-CLEAREDON
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GRACALHDR-CLEAREDON.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GRACALHDR_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
ALERTID TYPE STRING,
ALERTTYPE TYPE STRING,
BPROC TYPE STRING,
USERID TYPE STRING,
CONNECTOR TYPE STRING,
RISKID TYPE STRING,
ACTRULEID TYPE STRING,
CONTROLID TYPE STRING,
CREATEDON TYPE STRING,
CLEARED TYPE STRING,
CLEAREDBY TYPE STRING,
CLEAREDON TYPE STRING,
RISKLEVEL TYPE STRING,
FREQUENCY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GRACALHDR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-ALERTID sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-ALERTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-BPROC sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-USERID sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-CONNECTOR sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-RISKID sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-ACTRULEID sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-CONTROLID sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-CREATEDON sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-CLEARED sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-CLEAREDBY sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-CLEAREDON sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-RISKLEVEL sy-vline 
WA_GRACALHDR_STR-FREQUENCY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.