ABAP Select data from SAP table GRAC_S_HR_DATA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GRAC_S_HR_DATA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GRAC_S_HR_DATA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GRAC_S_HR_DATA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GRAC_S_HR_DATA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GRAC_S_HR_DATA,
      WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA TYPE GRAC_S_HR_DATA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GRAC_S_HR_DATA> TYPE GRAC_S_HR_DATA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GRAC_S_HR_DATA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GRAC_S_HR_DATA
  INTO TABLE IT_GRAC_S_HR_DATA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GRAC_S_HR_DATA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GRAC_S_HR_DATA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GRAC_S_HR_DATA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GRAC_S_HR_DATA ASSIGNING <GRAC_S_HR_DATA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GRAC_S_HR_DATA>-BNAME = 1.
<GRAC_S_HR_DATA>-PERNR = 1.
<GRAC_S_HR_DATA>-NAME_FIRST = 1.
<GRAC_S_HR_DATA>-NAME_LAST = 1.
<GRAC_S_HR_DATA>-EMAIL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GRAC_S_HR_DATA INTO WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-NATIONALITY, sy-vline,
  WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-PERS_AREA, sy-vline,
  WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-STELEPHONE, sy-vline,
  WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-TELEPHONE, sy-vline,
  WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-FAX, sy-vline,
  WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-VALID_FROM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GRAC_S_HR_DATA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GRAC_S_HR_DATA INTO WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit SXIDN, internal->external for field EMAIL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SXIDN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-EMAIL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-EMAIL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field COST_CENTER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-COST_CENTER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-COST_CENTER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SXIDN, internal->external for field MEMAIL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SXIDN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-MEMAIL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA-MEMAIL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR, 
BNAME TYPE STRING,
PERNR TYPE STRING,
NAME_FIRST TYPE STRING,
NAME_LAST TYPE STRING,
EMAIL TYPE STRING,
NATIONALITY TYPE STRING,
PERS_AREA TYPE STRING,
STELEPHONE TYPE STRING,
TELEPHONE TYPE STRING,
FAX TYPE STRING,
VALID_FROM TYPE STRING,
VALID_TO TYPE STRING,
COST_CENTER TYPE STRING,
ORG_UNIT TYPE STRING,
ORG_DESC TYPE STRING,
POSITION TYPE STRING,
JOB TYPE STRING,
EMP_GROUP TYPE STRING,
BUS_AREA TYPE STRING,
COMP_CODE TYPE STRING,
PERS_AREA_DESC TYPE STRING,
MPERNR TYPE STRING,
MBNAME TYPE STRING,
MFNAME TYPE STRING,
MLNAME TYPE STRING,
MEMAIL TYPE STRING,
MSTELEPHONE TYPE STRING,
MTELEPHONE TYPE STRING,
SPRAS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-BNAME sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-NAME_FIRST sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-NAME_LAST sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-EMAIL sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-NATIONALITY sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-PERS_AREA sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-STELEPHONE sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-TELEPHONE sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-FAX sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-VALID_FROM sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-VALID_TO sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-COST_CENTER sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-ORG_UNIT sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-ORG_DESC sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-POSITION sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-JOB sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-EMP_GROUP sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-BUS_AREA sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-COMP_CODE sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-PERS_AREA_DESC sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-MPERNR sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-MBNAME sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-MFNAME sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-MLNAME sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-MEMAIL sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-MSTELEPHONE sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-MTELEPHONE sy-vline 
WA_GRAC_S_HR_DATA_STR-SPRAS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.