ABAP Select data from SAP table GMBILLING into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GMBILLING table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GMBILLING. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GMBILLING table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GMBILLING TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GMBILLING,
      WA_GMBILLING TYPE GMBILLING,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GMBILLING> TYPE GMBILLING.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GMBILLING.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GMBILLING
  INTO TABLE IT_GMBILLING.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GMBILLING
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GMBILLING2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GMBILLING INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GMBILLING2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GMBILLING ASSIGNING <GMBILLING>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GMBILLING>-SELECTION_SIGN = 1.
<GMBILLING>-GRANT_NBR = 1.
<GMBILLING>-SHORT_DESC = 1.
<GMBILLING>-EXT_REFERENCE = 1.
<GMBILLING>-PARTNER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GMBILLING INTO WA_GMBILLING.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GMBILLING-SPONSOR_DESCRIPTION, sy-vline,
  WA_GMBILLING-SALES_ORDER, sy-vline,
  WA_GMBILLING-SALESORG, sy-vline,
  WA_GMBILLING-DISTR_CHAN, sy-vline,
  WA_GMBILLING-DIVISION, sy-vline,
  WA_GMBILLING-WBS_ELEMENT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GMBILLING you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GMBILLING TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GMBILLING INTO WA_GMBILLING.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GMBILLING-GRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GMBILLING-GRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PARTNER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GMBILLING-PARTNER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GMBILLING-PARTNER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SALES_ORDER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GMBILLING-SALES_ORDER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GMBILLING-SALES_ORDER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ABPSN, internal->external for field WBS_ELEMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ABPSN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GMBILLING-WBS_ELEMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GMBILLING-WBS_ELEMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GMBILLING_STR, 
SELECTION_SIGN TYPE STRING,
GRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
SHORT_DESC TYPE STRING,
EXT_REFERENCE TYPE STRING,
PARTNER TYPE STRING,
SPONSOR_DESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,
SALES_ORDER TYPE STRING,
SALESORG TYPE STRING,
DISTR_CHAN TYPE STRING,
DIVISION TYPE STRING,
WBS_ELEMENT TYPE STRING,
BILLING_RULE TYPE STRING,
BILLING_RULE_TXT TYPE STRING,
AFDAT TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
FAKWR TYPE STRING,
GRANT_CURRENCY TYPE STRING,
GRANT_TOTAL TYPE STRING,
MLSTN TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GMBILLING_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GMBILLING_STR-SELECTION_SIGN sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-GRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-SHORT_DESC sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-EXT_REFERENCE sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-PARTNER sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-SPONSOR_DESCRIPTION sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-SALES_ORDER sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-SALESORG sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-DISTR_CHAN sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-DIVISION sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-WBS_ELEMENT sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-BILLING_RULE sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-BILLING_RULE_TXT sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-AFDAT sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-FAKWR sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-GRANT_CURRENCY sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-GRANT_TOTAL sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-MLSTN sy-vline 
WA_GMBILLING_STR-STATUS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.