ABAP Select data from SAP table GLGB_ELMNT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GLGB_ELMNT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GLGB_ELMNT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GLGB_ELMNT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GLGB_ELMNT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GLGB_ELMNT,
      WA_GLGB_ELMNT TYPE GLGB_ELMNT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GLGB_ELMNT> TYPE GLGB_ELMNT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GLGB_ELMNT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GLGB_ELMNT
  INTO TABLE IT_GLGB_ELMNT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GLGB_ELMNT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GLGB_ELMNT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GLGB_ELMNT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GLGB_ELMNT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GLGB_ELMNT ASSIGNING <GLGB_ELMNT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GLGB_ELMNT>-TTYPE = 1.
<GLGB_ELMNT>-SUBTYPE = 1.
<GLGB_ELMNT>-SEQNR = 1.
<GLGB_ELMNT>-BRACKID = 1.
<GLGB_ELMNT>-WORD = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GLGB_ELMNT INTO WA_GLGB_ELMNT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GLGB_ELMNT-TOKEN, sy-vline,
  WA_GLGB_ELMNT-TAB, sy-vline,
  WA_GLGB_ELMNT-RELAT, sy-vline,
  WA_GLGB_ELMNT-FIELD, sy-vline,
  WA_GLGB_ELMNT-MODIFIER, sy-vline,
  WA_GLGB_ELMNT-TAB2, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GLGB_ELMNT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GLGB_ELMNT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GLGB_ELMNT INTO WA_GLGB_ELMNT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GLGB_ELMNT_STR, 
TTYPE TYPE STRING,
SUBTYPE TYPE STRING,
SEQNR TYPE STRING,
BRACKID TYPE STRING,
WORD TYPE STRING,
TOKEN TYPE STRING,
TAB TYPE STRING,
RELAT TYPE STRING,
FIELD TYPE STRING,
MODIFIER TYPE STRING,
TAB2 TYPE STRING,
FIELD2 TYPE STRING,
MODIFIER2 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-TTYPE sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-SUBTYPE sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-SEQNR sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-BRACKID sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-WORD sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-TOKEN sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-TAB sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-RELAT sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-FIELD sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-MODIFIER sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-TAB2 sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-FIELD2 sy-vline 
WA_GLGB_ELMNT_STR-MODIFIER2 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.