ABAP Select data from SAP table GLEDGER into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GLEDGER table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GLEDGER. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GLEDGER table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GLEDGER TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GLEDGER,
      WA_GLEDGER TYPE GLEDGER,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GLEDGER> TYPE GLEDGER.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GLEDGER.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GLEDGER
  INTO TABLE IT_GLEDGER.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GLEDGER
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GLEDGER2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GLEDGER INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GLEDGER2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GLEDGER ASSIGNING <GLEDGER>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GLEDGER>-RLDNR = 1.
<GLEDGER>-ACTIVITY = 1.
<GLEDGER>-MANDT = 1.
<GLEDGER>-TYP = 1.
<GLEDGER>-BUKRS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GLEDGER INTO WA_GLEDGER.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GLEDGER-DOCNR, sy-vline,
  WA_GLEDGER-RCOMP, sy-vline,
  WA_GLEDGER-LCURR, sy-vline,
  WA_GLEDGER-GCURR, sy-vline,
  WA_GLEDGER-OCURR, sy-vline,
  WA_GLEDGER-TRCUR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GLEDGER you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GLEDGER TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GLEDGER INTO WA_GLEDGER.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RLDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-RLDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-RLDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-DOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-DOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RCOMP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-RCOMP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-RCOMP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field VTRHJ
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-VTRHJ
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-VTRHJ.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field AKTYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-AKTYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-AKTYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DLDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-DLDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-DLDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ORIGDOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-ORIGDOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-ORIGDOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AWREF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-AWREF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-AWREF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ORIENT_LEDGER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GLEDGER-ORIENT_LEDGER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GLEDGER-ORIENT_LEDGER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GLEDGER_STR, 
RLDNR TYPE STRING,
ACTIVITY TYPE STRING,
MANDT TYPE STRING,
TYP TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
DOCNR TYPE STRING,
RCOMP TYPE STRING,
LCURR TYPE STRING,
GCURR TYPE STRING,
OCURR TYPE STRING,
TRCUR TYPE STRING,
LCCUR TYPE STRING,
RCCUR TYPE STRING,
OCCUR TYPE STRING,
QUANT TYPE STRING,
ATQNT TYPE STRING,
SHKZ TYPE STRING,
GLSIP TYPE STRING,
PRKZ TYPE STRING,
COMPTAB TYPE STRING,
VORTRAG TYPE STRING,
VTRHJ TYPE STRING,
PERIV TYPE STRING,
TAB TYPE STRING,
SITAB TYPE STRING,
FELDMODIF TYPE STRING,
AKTYEAR TYPE STRING,
AKTPER TYPE STRING,
OFFSET TYPE STRING,
FLDGR TYPE STRING,
RPMAX TYPE STRING,
KTOPL TYPE STRING,
CONV_L_G TYPE STRING,
PROG TYPE STRING,
MLDNR TYPE STRING,
RRCTY TYPE STRING,
DLDNR TYPE STRING,
EXIT TYPE STRING,
CURT1 TYPE STRING,
CURT2 TYPE STRING,
CURT3 TYPE STRING,
V2POST TYPE STRING,
CLASS TYPE STRING,
SELMODIF TYPE STRING,
LCTYP TYPE STRING,
MZEILE TYPE STRING,
OBJCHECK TYPE STRING,
PERIOD_ERR TYPE STRING,
CURR_ERR_L TYPE STRING,
SINGLE_ERR TYPE STRING,
ERROR TYPE STRING,
ORIGDOCNR TYPE STRING,
AWREF TYPE STRING,
AWORG TYPE STRING,
AWTYP TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
ALTSV TYPE STRING,
VALUTYP TYPE STRING,
GCOMPRESS TYPE STRING,
SPLITMETHD TYPE STRING,
FIX TYPE STRING,
GLFLEX TYPE STRING,
ORIENT_LEDGER TYPE STRING,
EXTR_ALE TYPE STRING,
G_UPD_MODE TYPE STRING,
G_IGNORE_REV TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GLEDGER_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GLEDGER_STR-RLDNR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-ACTIVITY sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-TYP sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-DOCNR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-RCOMP sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-LCURR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-GCURR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-OCURR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-TRCUR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-LCCUR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-RCCUR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-OCCUR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-QUANT sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-ATQNT sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-SHKZ sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-GLSIP sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-PRKZ sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-COMPTAB sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-VORTRAG sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-VTRHJ sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-PERIV sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-TAB sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-SITAB sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-FELDMODIF sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-AKTYEAR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-AKTPER sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-OFFSET sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-FLDGR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-RPMAX sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-KTOPL sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-CONV_L_G sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-PROG sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-MLDNR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-RRCTY sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-DLDNR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-EXIT sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-CURT1 sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-CURT2 sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-CURT3 sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-V2POST sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-CLASS sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-SELMODIF sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-LCTYP sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-MZEILE sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-OBJCHECK sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-PERIOD_ERR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-CURR_ERR_L sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-SINGLE_ERR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-ERROR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-ORIGDOCNR sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-AWREF sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-AWORG sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-AWTYP sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-ALTSV sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-VALUTYP sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-GCOMPRESS sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-SPLITMETHD sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-FIX sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-GLFLEX sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-ORIENT_LEDGER sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-EXTR_ALE sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-G_UPD_MODE sy-vline 
WA_GLEDGER_STR-G_IGNORE_REV sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.