ABAP Select data from SAP table GGABA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GGABA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GGABA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GGABA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GGABA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GGABA,
      WA_GGABA TYPE GGABA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GGABA> TYPE GGABA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GGABA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GGABA
  INTO TABLE IT_GGABA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GGABA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GGABA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GGABA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GGABA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GGABA ASSIGNING <GGABA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GGABA>-ACT = 1.
<GGABA>-OBJ = 1.
<GGABA>-ITM = 1.
<GGABA>-ELM = 1.
<GGABA>-DAT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GGABA INTO WA_GGABA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GGABA-BEG, sy-vline,
  WA_GGABA-DUR, sy-vline,
  WA_GGABA-TXT, sy-vline,
  WA_GGABA-LASTP, sy-vline,
  WA_GGABA-FORM, sy-vline,
  WA_GGABA-COLOR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GGABA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GGABA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GGABA INTO WA_GGABA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GGABA_STR, 
ACT TYPE STRING,
OBJ TYPE STRING,
ITM TYPE STRING,
ELM TYPE STRING,
DAT TYPE STRING,
BEG TYPE STRING,
DUR TYPE STRING,
TXT TYPE STRING,
LASTP TYPE STRING,
FORM TYPE STRING,
COLOR TYPE STRING,
POS TYPE STRING,
MSIZE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GGABA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GGABA_STR-ACT sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-OBJ sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-ITM sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-ELM sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-DAT sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-BEG sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-DUR sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-TXT sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-LASTP sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-FORM sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-COLOR sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-POS sy-vline 
WA_GGABA_STR-MSIZE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.