ABAP Select data from SAP table GB931 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GB931 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GB931. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GB931 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GB931 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GB931,
      WA_GB931 TYPE GB931,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GB931> TYPE GB931.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GB931.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GB931
  INTO TABLE IT_GB931.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GB931
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GB9312).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GB931 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GB9312).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GB931 ASSIGNING <GB931>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GB931>-MANDT = 1.
<GB931>-VALID = 1.
<GB931>-VALSEQNR = 1.
<GB931>-CONDID = 1.
<GB931>-CHECKID = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GB931 INTO WA_GB931.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GB931-VALSEVERE, sy-vline,
  WA_GB931-VALMSG, sy-vline,
  WA_GB931-MSGTAB1, sy-vline,
  WA_GB931-MSGFIELD1, sy-vline,
  WA_GB931-MSGTAB2, sy-vline,
  WA_GB931-MSGFIELD2, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GB931 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GB931 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GB931 INTO WA_GB931.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GB931_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
VALID TYPE STRING,
VALSEQNR TYPE STRING,
CONDID TYPE STRING,
CHECKID TYPE STRING,
VALSEVERE TYPE STRING,
VALMSG TYPE STRING,
MSGTAB1 TYPE STRING,
MSGFIELD1 TYPE STRING,
MSGTAB2 TYPE STRING,
MSGFIELD2 TYPE STRING,
MSGTAB3 TYPE STRING,
MSGFIELD3 TYPE STRING,
MSGTAB4 TYPE STRING,
MSGFIELD4 TYPE STRING,
WORKFLOW TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GB931_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GB931_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-VALID sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-VALSEQNR sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-CONDID sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-CHECKID sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-VALSEVERE sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-VALMSG sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-MSGTAB1 sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-MSGFIELD1 sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-MSGTAB2 sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-MSGFIELD2 sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-MSGTAB3 sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-MSGFIELD3 sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-MSGTAB4 sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-MSGFIELD4 sy-vline 
WA_GB931_STR-WORKFLOW sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.