ABAP Select data from SAP table FMTO into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FMTO table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FMTO. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FMTO table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FMTO TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FMTO,
      WA_FMTO TYPE FMTO,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FMTO> TYPE FMTO.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FMTO.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FMTO
  INTO TABLE IT_FMTO.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FMTO
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FMTO2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FMTO INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FMTO2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FMTO ASSIGNING <FMTO>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FMTO>-RGJAHR = 1.
<FMTO>-RGNJHR = 1.
<FMTO>-PERIO = 1.
<FMTO>-RWRTTP = 1.
<FMTO>-WTEXT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FMTO INTO WA_FMTO.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FMTO-RBTART, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTO-BTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTO-RBUKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTO-RHKONT, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTO-RSTATS, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTO-RSTATT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FMTO you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FMTO TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FMTO INTO WA_FMTO.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field RGJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMTO-RGJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMTO-RGJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field RGNJHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMTO-RGNJHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMTO-RGNJHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RHKONT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMTO-RHKONT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMTO-RHKONT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RVERS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMTO-RVERS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMTO-RVERS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FMTO_STR, 
RGJAHR TYPE STRING,
RGNJHR TYPE STRING,
PERIO TYPE STRING,
RWRTTP TYPE STRING,
WTEXT TYPE STRING,
RBTART TYPE STRING,
BTEXT TYPE STRING,
RBUKRS TYPE STRING,
RHKONT TYPE STRING,
RSTATS TYPE STRING,
RSTATT TYPE STRING,
RVRGNG TYPE STRING,
VTEXT TYPE STRING,
RRCTR TYPE STRING,
RVERS TYPE STRING,
RCFLEV TYPE STRING,
CF_FLAG TYPE STRING,
DISTKEY TYPE STRING,
RUSERDIM TYPE STRING,
FAREA TYPE STRING,
FTEXT TYPE STRING,
FWAER TYPE STRING,
FKBTRP TYPE STRING,
FKBTRC TYPE STRING,
FKBTRW TYPE STRING,
TWAER TYPE STRING,
TRBTRP TYPE STRING,
TRBTRC TYPE STRING,
TRBTRW TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FMTO_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FMTO_STR-RGJAHR sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RGNJHR sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-PERIO sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RWRTTP sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-WTEXT sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RBTART sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-BTEXT sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RBUKRS sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RHKONT sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RSTATS sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RSTATT sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RVRGNG sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-VTEXT sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RRCTR sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RVERS sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RCFLEV sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-CF_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-DISTKEY sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-RUSERDIM sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-FAREA sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-FTEXT sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-FWAER sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-FKBTRP sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-FKBTRC sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-FKBTRW sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-TWAER sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-TRBTRP sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-TRBTRC sy-vline 
WA_FMTO_STR-TRBTRW sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.