ABAP Select data from SAP table FMSTBERICHT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FMSTBERICHT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FMSTBERICHT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FMSTBERICHT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FMSTBERICHT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FMSTBERICHT,
      WA_FMSTBERICHT TYPE FMSTBERICHT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FMSTBERICHT> TYPE FMSTBERICHT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FMSTBERICHT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FMSTBERICHT
  INTO TABLE IT_FMSTBERICHT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FMSTBERICHT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FMSTBERICHT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FMSTBERICHT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FMSTBERICHT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FMSTBERICHT ASSIGNING <FMSTBERICHT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FMSTBERICHT>-ZEILE = 1.
<FMSTBERICHT>-FMA_OBJNR = 1.
<FMSTBERICHT>-LEDNR = 1.
<FMSTBERICHT>-BUKRS = 1.
<FMSTBERICHT>-GSBER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FMSTBERICHT INTO WA_FMSTBERICHT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FMSTBERICHT-GJAHR, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSTBERICHT-PERIO, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSTBERICHT-WRTTP, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSTBERICHT-POSIT, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSTBERICHT-FIPOS, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSTBERICHT-FIPOS_TXT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FMSTBERICHT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FMSTBERICHT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FMSTBERICHT INTO WA_FMSTBERICHT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LEDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMSTBERICHT-LEDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMSTBERICHT-LEDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMSTBERICHT-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMSTBERICHT-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field WRTTP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMSTBERICHT-WRTTP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMSTBERICHT-WRTTP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIS, internal->external for field FIPOS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMSTBERICHT-FIPOS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMSTBERICHT-FIPOS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIS, internal->external for field H_FIPOS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMSTBERICHT-H_FIPOS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMSTBERICHT-H_FIPOS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMSTBERICHT-VERSN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMSTBERICHT-VERSN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FMSTBERICHT_STR, 
ZEILE TYPE STRING,
FMA_OBJNR TYPE STRING,
LEDNR TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
GSBER TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
PERIO TYPE STRING,
WRTTP TYPE STRING,
POSIT TYPE STRING,
FIPOS TYPE STRING,
FIPOS_TXT TYPE STRING,
H_FIPOS TYPE STRING,
H_FPOTXT TYPE STRING,
FWAER TYPE STRING,
BWAER TYPE STRING,
TWAER TYPE STRING,
IST TYPE STRING,
BIST TYPE STRING,
OBLIGO TYPE STRING,
BOBLIGO TYPE STRING,
TRIST TYPE STRING,
TROBLIGO TYPE STRING,
FIKRS TYPE STRING,
VERSN TYPE STRING,
VSTXT TYPE STRING,
KUMANZ TYPE STRING,
FKPLAN TYPE STRING,
TRPLAN TYPE STRING,
ABWEICHUNG TYPE STRING,
TRABWEICHUNG TYPE STRING,
ABWOBIST TYPE STRING,
TRABWOBIST TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-ZEILE sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-FMA_OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-LEDNR sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-GSBER sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-PERIO sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-WRTTP sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-POSIT sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-FIPOS sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-FIPOS_TXT sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-H_FIPOS sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-H_FPOTXT sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-FWAER sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-BWAER sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-TWAER sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-IST sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-BIST sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-OBLIGO sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-BOBLIGO sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-TRIST sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-TROBLIGO sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-FIKRS sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-VERSN sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-VSTXT sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-KUMANZ sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-FKPLAN sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-TRPLAN sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-ABWEICHUNG sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-TRABWEICHUNG sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-ABWOBIST sy-vline 
WA_FMSTBERICHT_STR-TRABWOBIST sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.