ABAP Select data from SAP table FMSG into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FMSG table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FMSG. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FMSG table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FMSG TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FMSG,
      WA_FMSG TYPE FMSG,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FMSG> TYPE FMSG.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FMSG.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FMSG
  INTO TABLE IT_FMSG.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FMSG
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FMSG2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FMSG INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FMSG2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FMSG ASSIGNING <FMSG>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FMSG>-XPPLN = 1.
<FMSG>-XFFND = 1.
<FMSG>-XFCTR = 1.
<FMSG>-XFPEX = 1.
<FMSG>-XFNCT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FMSG INTO WA_FMSG.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FMSG-XFMAS, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSG-XFGMG, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSG-XZBSP, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSG-XTXTM, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSG-XFBPD, sy-vline,
  WA_FMSG-FLG_NO_AUTH, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FMSG you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FMSG TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FMSG INTO WA_FMSG.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FMSG_STR, 
XPPLN TYPE STRING,
XFFND TYPE STRING,
XFCTR TYPE STRING,
XFPEX TYPE STRING,
XFNCT TYPE STRING,
XFMAS TYPE STRING,
XFGMG TYPE STRING,
XZBSP TYPE STRING,
XTXTM TYPE STRING,
XFBPD TYPE STRING,
FLG_NO_AUTH TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FMSG_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FMSG_STR-XPPLN sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-XFFND sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-XFCTR sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-XFPEX sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-XFNCT sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-XFMAS sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-XFGMG sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-XZBSP sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-XTXTM sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-XFBPD sy-vline 
WA_FMSG_STR-FLG_NO_AUTH sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.