ABAP Select data from SAP table FMRBA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FMRBA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FMRBA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FMRBA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FMRBA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FMRBA,
      WA_FMRBA TYPE FMRBA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FMRBA> TYPE FMRBA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FMRBA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FMRBA
  INTO TABLE IT_FMRBA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FMRBA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FMRBA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FMRBA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FMRBA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FMRBA ASSIGNING <FMRBA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FMRBA>-RCLNT = 1.
<FMRBA>-GL_SIRID = 1.
<FMRBA>-RLDNR = 1.
<FMRBA>-RRCTY = 1.
<FMRBA>-RVERS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FMRBA INTO WA_FMRBA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FMRBA-RYEAR, sy-vline,
  WA_FMRBA-RTCUR, sy-vline,
  WA_FMRBA-DRCRK, sy-vline,
  WA_FMRBA-POPER, sy-vline,
  WA_FMRBA-DOCCT, sy-vline,
  WA_FMRBA-DOCNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FMRBA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FMRBA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FMRBA INTO WA_FMRBA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RLDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-RLDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-RLDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RVERS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-RVERS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-RVERS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field RYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-RYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-RYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-DOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-DOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIL, internal->external for field RCMMTITEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIL_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-RCMMTITEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-RCMMTITEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RGRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-RGRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-RGRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field CEFFYEAR_9
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-CEFFYEAR_9
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-CEFFYEAR_9.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REFDOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-REFDOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-REFDOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field REFRYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMRBA-REFRYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMRBA-REFRYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FMRBA_STR, 
RCLNT TYPE STRING,
GL_SIRID TYPE STRING,
RLDNR TYPE STRING,
RRCTY TYPE STRING,
RVERS TYPE STRING,
RYEAR TYPE STRING,
RTCUR TYPE STRING,
DRCRK TYPE STRING,
POPER TYPE STRING,
DOCCT TYPE STRING,
DOCNR TYPE STRING,
DOCLN TYPE STRING,
RFIKRS TYPE STRING,
RFUND TYPE STRING,
RFUNDSCTR TYPE STRING,
RCMMTITEM TYPE STRING,
RFUNCAREA TYPE STRING,
RUSERDIM TYPE STRING,
RGRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
RMEASURE TYPE STRING,
RCVRGRP_9 TYPE STRING,
BUDGET_PD_9 TYPE STRING,
CEFFYEAR_9 TYPE STRING,
RIBPROC_9 TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
TSL TYPE STRING,
HSL TYPE STRING,
KSL TYPE STRING,
SGTXT TYPE STRING,
DOCTY TYPE STRING,
ACTIV TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
WSDAT TYPE STRING,
REFDOCNR TYPE STRING,
REFRYEAR TYPE STRING,
REFDOCLN TYPE STRING,
REFDOCCT TYPE STRING,
REFACTIV TYPE STRING,
CPUDT TYPE STRING,
CPUTM TYPE STRING,
USNAM TYPE STRING,
AWTYP TYPE STRING,
AWORG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FMRBA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FMRBA_STR-RCLNT sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-GL_SIRID sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RLDNR sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RRCTY sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RVERS sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RYEAR sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RTCUR sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-DRCRK sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-POPER sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-DOCCT sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-DOCNR sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-DOCLN sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RFIKRS sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RFUND sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RFUNDSCTR sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RCMMTITEM sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RFUNCAREA sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RUSERDIM sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RGRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RMEASURE sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RCVRGRP_9 sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-BUDGET_PD_9 sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-CEFFYEAR_9 sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-RIBPROC_9 sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-TSL sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-HSL sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-KSL sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-SGTXT sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-DOCTY sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-ACTIV sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-WSDAT sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-REFDOCNR sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-REFRYEAR sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-REFDOCLN sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-REFDOCCT sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-REFACTIV sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-CPUDT sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-CPUTM sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-USNAM sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-AWTYP sy-vline 
WA_FMRBA_STR-AWORG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.