ABAP Select data from SAP table FMBGALV8 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FMBGALV8 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FMBGALV8. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FMBGALV8 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FMBGALV8 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FMBGALV8,
      WA_FMBGALV8 TYPE FMBGALV8,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FMBGALV8> TYPE FMBGALV8.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FMBGALV8.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FMBGALV8
  INTO TABLE IT_FMBGALV8.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FMBGALV8
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FMBGALV82).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FMBGALV8 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FMBGALV82).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FMBGALV8 ASSIGNING <FMBGALV8>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FMBGALV8>-BGA = 1.
<FMBGALV8>-TYP = 1.
<FMBGALV8>-GEBER = 1.
<FMBGALV8>-FISTL = 1.
<FMBGALV8>-FIPEX = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FMBGALV8 INTO WA_FMBGALV8.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FMBGALV8-MWSKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_FMBGALV8-KTOSL, sy-vline,
  WA_FMBGALV8-BUKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_FMBGALV8-LOTKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_FMBGALV8-BELNR, sy-vline,
  WA_FMBGALV8-BUDAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FMBGALV8 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FMBGALV8 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FMBGALV8 INTO WA_FMBGALV8.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit FMCIL, internal->external for field FIPEX
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIL_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMBGALV8-FIPEX
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMBGALV8-FIPEX.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOTKZ
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMBGALV8-LOTKZ
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMBGALV8-LOTKZ.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FMBGALV8_STR, 
BGA TYPE STRING,
TYP TYPE STRING,
GEBER TYPE STRING,
FISTL TYPE STRING,
FIPEX TYPE STRING,
MWSKZ TYPE STRING,
KTOSL TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
LOTKZ TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
HWBRT TYPE STRING,
HWBAS TYPE STRING,
HWSTE TYPE STRING,
HWCOR TYPE STRING,
HWAER TYPE STRING,
BGADESCR TYPE STRING,
SHKZG TYPE STRING,
BLTYP TYPE STRING,
BSAMT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FMBGALV8_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-BGA sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-TYP sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-GEBER sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-FISTL sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-FIPEX sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-MWSKZ sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-KTOSL sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-LOTKZ sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-HWBRT sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-HWBAS sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-HWSTE sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-HWCOR sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-HWAER sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-BGADESCR sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-SHKZG sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-BLTYP sy-vline 
WA_FMBGALV8_STR-BSAMT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.