ABAP Select data from SAP table FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM,
      WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM TYPE FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM> TYPE FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM
  INTO TABLE IT_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM ASSIGNING <FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM>-REFBT = 1.
<FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM>-REFBN = 1.
<FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM>-RFPOS = 1.
<FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM>-RFKNT = 1.
<FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM>-RFTRM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM INTO WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-RFART, sy-vline,
  WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-LEDNR, sy-vline,
  WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-LIFNR, sy-vline,
  WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-OBJNR, sy-vline,
  WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-RFORG, sy-vline,
  WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-RFTYP, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM INTO WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit REFBT, internal->external for field REFBT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_REFBT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-REFBT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-REFBT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REFBN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-REFBN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-REFBN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LEDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-LEDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-LEDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-RFSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-RFSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SAKTO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-SAKTO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-SAKTO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-MEINH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM-MEINH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR, 
REFBT TYPE STRING,
REFBN TYPE STRING,
RFPOS TYPE STRING,
RFKNT TYPE STRING,
RFTRM TYPE STRING,
RFART TYPE STRING,
LEDNR TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
RFORG TYPE STRING,
RFTYP TYPE STRING,
RFSYS TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
SAKTO TYPE STRING,
TWAER TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
PERIO TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
MATKL TYPE STRING,
SGTXT TYPE STRING,
MEINH TYPE STRING,
MEGBTR TYPE STRING,
WHGBTR TYPE STRING,
WTGBTR TYPE STRING,
T001_WAERS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-REFBT sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-REFBN sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-RFPOS sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-RFKNT sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-RFTRM sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-RFART sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-LEDNR sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-RFORG sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-RFTYP sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-RFSYS sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-SAKTO sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-TWAER sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-BLDAT sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-PERIO sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-MATKL sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-SGTXT sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-MEINH sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-MEGBTR sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-WHGBTR sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-WTGBTR sy-vline 
WA_FIN_CFIN_S_DFV_CMT_DOC_ITEM_STR-T001_WAERS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.