ABAP Select data from SAP table FCML_MAT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FCML_MAT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FCML_MAT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FCML_MAT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FCML_MAT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FCML_MAT,
      WA_FCML_MAT TYPE FCML_MAT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FCML_MAT> TYPE FCML_MAT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FCML_MAT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FCML_MAT
  INTO TABLE IT_FCML_MAT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FCML_MAT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FCML_MAT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FCML_MAT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FCML_MAT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FCML_MAT ASSIGNING <FCML_MAT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FCML_MAT>-MANDT = 1.
<FCML_MAT>-KALNR = 1.
<FCML_MAT>-VSZHL = 1.
<FCML_MAT>-OBART = 1.
<FCML_MAT>-MATNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FCML_MAT INTO WA_FCML_MAT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FCML_MAT-BWKEY, sy-vline,
  WA_FCML_MAT-WERKS, sy-vline,
  WA_FCML_MAT-SOBKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_FCML_MAT-VBELN, sy-vline,
  WA_FCML_MAT-POSNR, sy-vline,
  WA_FCML_MAT-LIFNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FCML_MAT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FCML_MAT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FCML_MAT INTO WA_FCML_MAT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FCML_MAT-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FCML_MAT-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FCML_MAT-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FCML_MAT-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FCML_MAT-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FCML_MAT-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ABPSP, internal->external for field PSPNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ABPSP_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FCML_MAT-PSPNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FCML_MAT-PSPNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FCML_MAT-KOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FCML_MAT-KOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PRZNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FCML_MAT-PRZNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FCML_MAT-PRZNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PRCTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FCML_MAT-PRCTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FCML_MAT-PRCTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FCML_MAT-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FCML_MAT-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FCML_MAT_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KALNR TYPE STRING,
VSZHL TYPE STRING,
OBART TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
BWKEY TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
SOBKZ TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
BWTAR TYPE STRING,
PSPNR TYPE STRING,
BKLAS TYPE STRING,
MLAST TYPE STRING,
HRKFT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
KOSTL TYPE STRING,
LSTAR TYPE STRING,
PRZNR TYPE STRING,
PRCTR TYPE STRING,
MTART TYPE STRING,
MBRSH TYPE STRING,
MATKL TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
SPART TYPE STRING,
PRDHA TYPE STRING,
ATTYP TYPE STRING,
LAEDA TYPE STRING,
PERIV TYPE STRING,
CUST01 TYPE STRING,
CUST02 TYPE STRING,
CUST03 TYPE STRING,
CUST04 TYPE STRING,
CUST05 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FCML_MAT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-KALNR sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-VSZHL sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-OBART sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-BWKEY sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-SOBKZ sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-BWTAR sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-PSPNR sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-BKLAS sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-MLAST sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-HRKFT sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-KOSTL sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-LSTAR sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-PRZNR sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-PRCTR sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-MTART sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-MBRSH sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-MATKL sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-SPART sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-PRDHA sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-ATTYP sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-LAEDA sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-PERIV sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-CUST01 sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-CUST02 sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-CUST03 sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-CUST04 sy-vline 
WA_FCML_MAT_STR-CUST05 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.