ABAP Select data from SAP table ESH_U_PREBILDOC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ESH_U_PREBILDOC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ESH_U_PREBILDOC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ESH_U_PREBILDOC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ESH_U_PREBILDOC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ESH_U_PREBILDOC,
      WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC TYPE ESH_U_PREBILDOC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ESH_U_PREBILDOC> TYPE ESH_U_PREBILDOC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ESH_U_PREBILDOC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ESH_U_PREBILDOC
  INTO TABLE IT_ESH_U_PREBILDOC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ESH_U_PREBILDOC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ESH_U_PREBILDOC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ESH_U_PREBILDOC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ESH_U_PREBILDOC ASSIGNING <ESH_U_PREBILDOC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ESH_U_PREBILDOC>-MANDT = 1.
<ESH_U_PREBILDOC>-BILLINGDOCUMENTDATE = 1.
<ESH_U_PREBILDOC>-BILLINGDOCUMENTITEMTEXT = 1.
<ESH_U_PREBILDOC>-BILLINGDOCUMENTTYPE = 1.
<ESH_U_PREBILDOC>-BILLINGDOCUMENTTYPENAME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ESH_U_PREBILDOC INTO WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-BILLTOPARTY, sy-vline,
  WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-SOLDTOPARTYNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-PAYERPARTYNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-BILLTOPARTYNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-COMPANYCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-COMPANYCODENAME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ESH_U_PREBILDOC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ESH_U_PREBILDOC INTO WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BILLTOPARTY
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-BILLTOPARTY
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-BILLTOPARTY.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATERIAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-MATERIAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-MATERIAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PAYERPARTY
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-PAYERPARTY
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-PAYERPARTY.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PRELIMBILLINGDOCUMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-PRELIMBILLINGDOCUMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-PRELIMBILLINGDOCUMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SOLDTOPARTY
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-SOLDTOPARTY
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC-SOLDTOPARTY.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BILLINGDOCUMENTDATE TYPE STRING,
BILLINGDOCUMENTITEMTEXT TYPE STRING,
BILLINGDOCUMENTTYPE TYPE STRING,
BILLINGDOCUMENTTYPENAME TYPE STRING,
BILLTOPARTY TYPE STRING,
SOLDTOPARTYNAME TYPE STRING,
PAYERPARTYNAME TYPE STRING,
BILLTOPARTYNAME TYPE STRING,
COMPANYCODE TYPE STRING,
COMPANYCODENAME TYPE STRING,
CREATEDBYUSER TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMERPAYMENTTERMS TYPE STRING,
CUSTOMERPAYMENTTERMSNAME TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTREFERENCEID TYPE STRING,
MATERIAL TYPE STRING,
MATERIALNAME TYPE STRING,
PAYERPARTY TYPE STRING,
BUSINESSPARTNER TYPE STRING,
PRELIMBILLINGDOCSTATUSDESC TYPE STRING,
PRELIMBILLINGDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
PRELIMBILLINGDOCUMENTSTATUS TYPE STRING,
SALESORGANIZATION TYPE STRING,
SALESORGANIZATIONNAME TYPE STRING,
SOLDTOPARTY TYPE STRING,
TOTALNETAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
TAXAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
TRANSACTIONCURRENCY TYPE STRING,
USERDESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-BILLINGDOCUMENTDATE sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-BILLINGDOCUMENTITEMTEXT sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-BILLINGDOCUMENTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-BILLINGDOCUMENTTYPENAME sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-BILLTOPARTY sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-SOLDTOPARTYNAME sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-PAYERPARTYNAME sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-BILLTOPARTYNAME sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-COMPANYCODE sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-COMPANYCODENAME sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-CREATEDBYUSER sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-CUSTOMERPAYMENTTERMS sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-CUSTOMERPAYMENTTERMSNAME sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-DOCUMENTREFERENCEID sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-MATERIAL sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-MATERIALNAME sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-PAYERPARTY sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-BUSINESSPARTNER sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-PRELIMBILLINGDOCSTATUSDESC sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-PRELIMBILLINGDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-PRELIMBILLINGDOCUMENTSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-SALESORGANIZATION sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-SALESORGANIZATIONNAME sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-SOLDTOPARTY sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-TOTALNETAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-TAXAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-TRANSACTIONCURRENCY sy-vline 
WA_ESH_U_PREBILDOC_STR-USERDESCRIPTION sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.