ABAP Select data from SAP table EMSEG into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP EMSEG table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to EMSEG. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the EMSEG table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_EMSEG TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF EMSEG,
      WA_EMSEG TYPE EMSEG,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <EMSEG> TYPE EMSEG.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_EMSEG.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM EMSEG
  INTO TABLE IT_EMSEG.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM EMSEG
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_EMSEG2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_EMSEG INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_EMSEG2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_EMSEG ASSIGNING <EMSEG>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<EMSEG>-LINE_ID = 1.
<EMSEG>-PARENT_ID = 1.
<EMSEG>-LINE_DEPTH = 1.
<EMSEG>-MAA_URZEI = 1.
<EMSEG>-TABIX = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_EMSEG INTO WA_EMSEG.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_EMSEG-AZEIL, sy-vline,
  WA_EMSEG-YZEIL, sy-vline,
  WA_EMSEG-XZEIL, sy-vline,
  WA_EMSEG-MSGID, sy-vline,
  WA_EMSEG-MSGNO, sy-vline,
  WA_EMSEG-MSGTY, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_EMSEG you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_EMSEG TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_EMSEG INTO WA_EMSEG.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_EMSEG-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_EMSEG-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field BSTME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_EMSEG-BSTME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_EMSEG-BSTME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_EMSEG_STR, 
LINE_ID TYPE STRING,
PARENT_ID TYPE STRING,
LINE_DEPTH TYPE STRING,
MAA_URZEI TYPE STRING,
TABIX TYPE STRING,
AZEIL TYPE STRING,
YZEIL TYPE STRING,
XZEIL TYPE STRING,
MSGID TYPE STRING,
MSGNO TYPE STRING,
MSGTY TYPE STRING,
MSGV1 TYPE STRING,
MSGV2 TYPE STRING,
MSGV3 TYPE STRING,
MSGV4 TYPE STRING,
XMSGX TYPE STRING,
MBLPO TYPE STRING,
DMBTR TYPE STRING,
BNBTR TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
UMZEI TYPE STRING,
UMDMB TYPE STRING,
UMWAE TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
BSTMG TYPE STRING,
BSTME TYPE STRING,
BWART TYPE STRING,
SHKZG TYPE STRING,
VKWRT TYPE STRING,
YCLAS TYPE STRING,
UMYCL TYPE STRING,
E_CLASS TYPE STRING,
E_UMCLA TYPE STRING,
E_CHARG TYPE STRING,
E_UMCHA TYPE STRING,
KZBWA TYPE STRING,
QINSPST TYPE STRING,
XWOFF TYPE STRING,
GLOBAL_COUNTER TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_EMSEG_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_EMSEG_STR-LINE_ID sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-PARENT_ID sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-LINE_DEPTH sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MAA_URZEI sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-TABIX sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-AZEIL sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-YZEIL sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-XZEIL sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MSGID sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MSGNO sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MSGTY sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MSGV1 sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MSGV2 sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MSGV3 sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MSGV4 sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-XMSGX sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MBLPO sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-DMBTR sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-BNBTR sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-UMZEI sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-UMDMB sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-UMWAE sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-BSTMG sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-BSTME sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-BWART sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-SHKZG sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-VKWRT sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-YCLAS sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-UMYCL sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-E_CLASS sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-E_UMCLA sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-E_CHARG sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-E_UMCHA sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-KZBWA sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-QINSPST sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-XWOFF sy-vline 
WA_EMSEG_STR-GLOBAL_COUNTER sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.