ABAP Select data from SAP table EKBI into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP EKBI table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to EKBI. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the EKBI table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_EKBI TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF EKBI,
      WA_EKBI TYPE EKBI,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <EKBI> TYPE EKBI.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_EKBI.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM EKBI
  INTO TABLE IT_EKBI.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM EKBI
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_EKBI2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_EKBI INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_EKBI2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_EKBI ASSIGNING <EKBI>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<EKBI>-MANDT = 1.
<EKBI>-EBELN = 1.
<EKBI>-BUKRS = 1.
<EKBI>-BSTYP = 1.
<EKBI>-LIFNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_EKBI INTO WA_EKBI.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_EKBI-BEDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_EKBI-EKGRP, sy-vline,
  WA_EKBI-LOEKK, sy-vline,
  WA_EKBI-WERKS, sy-vline,
  WA_EKBI-LOEKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_EKBI-EBELP, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKBI you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_EKBI TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_EKBI INTO WA_EKBI.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_EKBI-EBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_EKBI-EBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_EKBI-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_EKBI-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_EKBI-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_EKBI-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_EKBI-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_EKBI-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_EKBI_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
EBELN TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
BSTYP TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
BEDAT TYPE STRING,
EKGRP TYPE STRING,
LOEKK TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
LOEKZ TYPE STRING,
EBELP TYPE STRING,
VGABE TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
SHKZG TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
CPUDT TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_EKBI_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_EKBI_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-EBELN sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-BSTYP sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-BEDAT sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-EKGRP sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-LOEKK sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-LOEKZ sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-EBELP sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-VGABE sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-SHKZG sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-CPUDT sy-vline 
WA_EKBI_STR-BLDAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.