ABAP Select data from SAP table ECMCO into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ECMCO table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ECMCO. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ECMCO table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ECMCO TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ECMCO,
      WA_ECMCO TYPE ECMCO,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ECMCO> TYPE ECMCO.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ECMCO.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ECMCO
  INTO TABLE IT_ECMCO.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ECMCO
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ECMCO2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ECMCO INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ECMCO2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ECMCO ASSIGNING <ECMCO>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ECMCO>-MANDT = 1.
<ECMCO>-OBJNR = 1.
<ECMCO>-DATIV = 1.
<ECMCO>-DATIB = 1.
<ECMCO>-DATPV = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ECMCO INTO WA_ECMCO.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ECMCO-DATPB, sy-vline,
  WA_ECMCO-COMP, sy-vline,
  WA_ECMCO-DIMEN, sy-vline,
  WA_ECMCO-BUNIT, sy-vline,
  WA_ECMCO-ITCLG, sy-vline,
  WA_ECMCO-ITEM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ECMCO you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ECMCO TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ECMCO INTO WA_ECMCO.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field COMP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ECMCO-COMP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ECMCO-COMP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AFIMC, internal->external for field BUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AFIMC_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ECMCO-BUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ECMCO-BUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit BFIMC, internal->external for field ITEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_BFIMC_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ECMCO-ITEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ECMCO-ITEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AFIMC, internal->external for field BUPTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AFIMC_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ECMCO-BUPTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ECMCO-BUPTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AFIMC, internal->external for field CONGR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AFIMC_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ECMCO-CONGR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ECMCO-CONGR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ECMCO_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
DATIV TYPE STRING,
DATIB TYPE STRING,
DATPV TYPE STRING,
DATPB TYPE STRING,
COMP TYPE STRING,
DIMEN TYPE STRING,
BUNIT TYPE STRING,
ITCLG TYPE STRING,
ITEM TYPE STRING,
BUPTR TYPE STRING,
CONGR TYPE STRING,
OBUKRS TYPE STRING,
PFLG TYPE STRING,
TFLG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ECMCO_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ECMCO_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-DATIV sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-DATIB sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-DATPV sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-DATPB sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-COMP sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-DIMEN sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-BUNIT sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-ITCLG sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-ITEM sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-BUPTR sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-CONGR sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-OBUKRS sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-PFLG sy-vline 
WA_ECMCO_STR-TFLG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.