ABAP Select data from SAP table DY21S into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DY21S table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DY21S. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DY21S table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DY21S TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DY21S,
      WA_DY21S TYPE DY21S,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DY21S> TYPE DY21S.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DY21S.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DY21S
  INTO TABLE IT_DY21S.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DY21S
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DY21S2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DY21S INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DY21S2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DY21S ASSIGNING <DY21S>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DY21S>-DDNAME = 1.
<DY21S>-DDSTATE = 1.
<DY21S>-DDMODE = 1.
<DY21S>-DDVERSION = 1.
<DY21S>-DDPOSITION = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DY21S INTO WA_DY21S.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DY21S-OFFS, sy-vline,
  WA_DY21S-FNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_DY21S-DIDX, sy-vline,
  WA_DY21S-FLG1, sy-vline,
  WA_DY21S-FLG2, sy-vline,
  WA_DY21S-FLG3, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DY21S you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DY21S TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DY21S INTO WA_DY21S.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DY21S_STR, 
DDNAME TYPE STRING,
DDSTATE TYPE STRING,
DDMODE TYPE STRING,
DDVERSION TYPE STRING,
DDPOSITION TYPE STRING,
OFFS TYPE STRING,
FNAM TYPE STRING,
DIDX TYPE STRING,
FLG1 TYPE STRING,
FLG2 TYPE STRING,
FLG3 TYPE STRING,
FILL TYPE STRING,
FMB1 TYPE STRING,
FMB2 TYPE STRING,
COLR TYPE STRING,
LENG TYPE STRING,
LINE TYPE STRING,
COLN TYPE STRING,
LTYP TYPE STRING,
LANF TYPE STRING,
LBLK TYPE STRING,
LREP TYPE STRING,
BOFS TYPE STRING,
FMKY TYPE STRING,
PAID TYPE STRING,
UCNV TYPE STRING,
TYPE TYPE STRING,
AUTH TYPE STRING,
WNAM TYPE STRING,
DMAC TYPE STRING,
GRP1 TYPE STRING,
GRP2 TYPE STRING,
GRP3 TYPE STRING,
GRP4 TYPE STRING,
ITYP TYPE STRING,
AGLT TYPE STRING,
ADEZ TYPE STRING,
RESR TYPE STRING,
STXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DY21S_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DY21S_STR-DDNAME sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-DDSTATE sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-DDMODE sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-DDVERSION sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-DDPOSITION sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-OFFS sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-FNAM sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-DIDX sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-FLG1 sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-FLG2 sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-FLG3 sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-FILL sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-FMB1 sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-FMB2 sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-COLR sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-LENG sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-LINE sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-COLN sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-LTYP sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-LANF sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-LBLK sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-LREP sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-BOFS sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-FMKY sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-PAID sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-UCNV sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-TYPE sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-AUTH sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-WNAM sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-DMAC sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-GRP1 sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-GRP2 sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-GRP3 sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-GRP4 sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-ITYP sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-AGLT sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-ADEZ sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-RESR sy-vline 
WA_DY21S_STR-STXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.