ABAP Select data from SAP table DMKAL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DMKAL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DMKAL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DMKAL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DMKAL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DMKAL,
      WA_DMKAL TYPE DMKAL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DMKAL> TYPE DMKAL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DMKAL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DMKAL
  INTO TABLE IT_DMKAL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DMKAL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DMKAL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DMKAL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DMKAL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DMKAL ASSIGNING <DMKAL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DMKAL>-WERKS = 1.
<DMKAL>-VERID = 1.
<DMKAL>-BDATU = 1.
<DMKAL>-ADATU = 1.
<DMKAL>-STLAL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DMKAL INTO WA_DMKAL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DMKAL-STLAN, sy-vline,
  WA_DMKAL-PLNTY, sy-vline,
  WA_DMKAL-PLNNR, sy-vline,
  WA_DMKAL-ALNAL, sy-vline,
  WA_DMKAL-BESKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_DMKAL-SOBSL, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DMKAL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DMKAL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DMKAL INTO WA_DMKAL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STLAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DMKAL-STLAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DMKAL-STLAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DMKAL-PLNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DMKAL-PLNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ALNAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DMKAL-ALNAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DMKAL-ALNAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNNG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DMKAL-PLNNG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DMKAL-PLNNG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ALNAG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DMKAL-ALNAG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DMKAL-ALNAG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNNM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DMKAL-PLNNM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DMKAL-PLNNM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ALNAM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DMKAL-ALNAM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DMKAL-ALNAM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATKO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DMKAL-MATKO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DMKAL-MATKO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DMKAL_STR, 
WERKS TYPE STRING,
VERID TYPE STRING,
BDATU TYPE STRING,
ADATU TYPE STRING,
STLAL TYPE STRING,
STLAN TYPE STRING,
PLNTY TYPE STRING,
PLNNR TYPE STRING,
ALNAL TYPE STRING,
BESKZ TYPE STRING,
SOBSL TYPE STRING,
LOSGR TYPE STRING,
MDV01 TYPE STRING,
MDV02 TYPE STRING,
TEXT1 TYPE STRING,
EWAHR TYPE STRING,
VERTO TYPE STRING,
SERKZ TYPE STRING,
BSTMI TYPE STRING,
BSTMA TYPE STRING,
RGEKZ TYPE STRING,
ALORT TYPE STRING,
PLTYG TYPE STRING,
PLNNG TYPE STRING,
ALNAG TYPE STRING,
PLTYM TYPE STRING,
PLNNM TYPE STRING,
ALNAM TYPE STRING,
CSPLT TYPE STRING,
MATKO TYPE STRING,
ELPRO TYPE STRING,
PRVBE TYPE STRING,
MKSP TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DMKAL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DMKAL_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-VERID sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-BDATU sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-ADATU sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-STLAL sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-STLAN sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-PLNTY sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-PLNNR sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-ALNAL sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-BESKZ sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-SOBSL sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-LOSGR sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-MDV01 sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-MDV02 sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-TEXT1 sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-EWAHR sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-VERTO sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-SERKZ sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-BSTMI sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-BSTMA sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-RGEKZ sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-ALORT sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-PLTYG sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-PLNNG sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-ALNAG sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-PLTYM sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-PLNNM sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-ALNAM sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-CSPLT sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-MATKO sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-ELPRO sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-PRVBE sy-vline 
WA_DMKAL_STR-MKSP sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.