ABAP Select data from SAP table DM40I into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DM40I table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DM40I. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DM40I table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DM40I TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DM40I,
      WA_DM40I TYPE DM40I,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DM40I> TYPE DM40I.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DM40I.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DM40I
  INTO TABLE IT_DM40I.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DM40I
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DM40I2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DM40I INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DM40I2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DM40I ASSIGNING <DM40I>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DM40I>-DMOID = 1.
<DM40I>-AS4LOCAL = 1.
<DM40I>-SPRACHE = 1.
<DM40I>-REF_ENTID = 1.
<DM40I>-REF_OBJECT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DM40I INTO WA_DM40I.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DM40I-REF_CLUST, sy-vline,
  WA_DM40I-FLG_DEF, sy-vline,
  WA_DM40I-FLG_COMPL, sy-vline,
  WA_DM40I-FLG_FRAME, sy-vline,
  WA_DM40I-FLG_CUST, sy-vline,
  WA_DM40I-FLG_BUSINS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DM40I you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DM40I TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DM40I INTO WA_DM40I.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRACHE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DM40I-SPRACHE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DM40I-SPRACHE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DM40I_STR, 
DMOID TYPE STRING,
AS4LOCAL TYPE STRING,
SPRACHE TYPE STRING,
REF_ENTID TYPE STRING,
REF_OBJECT TYPE STRING,
REF_CLUST TYPE STRING,
FLG_DEF TYPE STRING,
FLG_COMPL TYPE STRING,
FLG_FRAME TYPE STRING,
FLG_CUST TYPE STRING,
FLG_BUSINS TYPE STRING,
OBJTYP TYPE STRING,
COLORTYPE TYPE STRING,
FSTUSER TYPE STRING,
FSTDATE TYPE STRING,
FSTTIME TYPE STRING,
LSTUSER TYPE STRING,
LSTDATE TYPE STRING,
LSTTIME TYPE STRING,
LOESCHZ TYPE STRING,
LANGBEZ TYPE STRING,
XPOS TYPE STRING,
YPOS TYPE STRING,
WIDTH TYPE STRING,
HEIGHT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DM40I_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DM40I_STR-DMOID sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-AS4LOCAL sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-SPRACHE sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-REF_ENTID sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-REF_OBJECT sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-REF_CLUST sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-FLG_DEF sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-FLG_COMPL sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-FLG_FRAME sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-FLG_CUST sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-FLG_BUSINS sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-OBJTYP sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-COLORTYPE sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-FSTUSER sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-FSTDATE sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-FSTTIME sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-LSTUSER sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-LSTDATE sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-LSTTIME sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-LOESCHZ sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-LANGBEZ sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-XPOS sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-YPOS sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-WIDTH sy-vline 
WA_DM40I_STR-HEIGHT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.