ABAP Select data from SAP table DIR_SIGNS_STRUC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DIR_SIGNS_STRUC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DIR_SIGNS_STRUC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DIR_SIGNS_STRUC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DIR_SIGNS_STRUC,
      WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC TYPE DIR_SIGNS_STRUC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DIR_SIGNS_STRUC> TYPE DIR_SIGNS_STRUC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DIR_SIGNS_STRUC
  INTO TABLE IT_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DIR_SIGNS_STRUC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC ASSIGNING <DIR_SIGNS_STRUC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DIR_SIGNS_STRUC>-MANDT = 1.
<DIR_SIGNS_STRUC>-SIGN_ID = 1.
<DIR_SIGNS_STRUC>-SIGN_PROC = 1.
<DIR_SIGNS_STRUC>-SIGN_INDEX = 1.
<DIR_SIGNS_STRUC>-SIGN_STEP_NAME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC INTO WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC-SIGN_STEP_TXT, sy-vline,
  WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC-SIGN_COUNT_STEP, sy-vline,
  WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC-SIGN_AUTH_GROUP, sy-vline,
  WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC-SIGN_AUTH_TXT, sy-vline,
  WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC-SIGN_SIGNER, sy-vline,
  WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC-SIGN_NAME_FIRST, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC INTO WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SIGN_LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC-SIGN_LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC-SIGN_LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SIGN_ID TYPE STRING,
SIGN_PROC TYPE STRING,
SIGN_INDEX TYPE STRING,
SIGN_STEP_NAME TYPE STRING,
SIGN_STEP_TXT TYPE STRING,
SIGN_COUNT_STEP TYPE STRING,
SIGN_AUTH_GROUP TYPE STRING,
SIGN_AUTH_TXT TYPE STRING,
SIGN_SIGNER TYPE STRING,
SIGN_NAME_FIRST TYPE STRING,
SIGN_NAME_LAST TYPE STRING,
SIGN_STATE TYPE STRING,
SIGN_ACTION TYPE STRING,
SIGN_LANGU TYPE STRING,
SIGN_REMARK TYPE STRING,
SIGN_TSTAMP TYPE STRING,
SIGN_TZONE TYPE STRING,
SIGN_COMM TYPE STRING,
SIGN_FORMAT TYPE STRING,
SIGN_SIGNED_DOC TYPE STRING,
SIGN_EXT TYPE STRING,
MANDT_OLD TYPE STRING,
SYSTEM_OLD TYPE STRING,
SIGN_NO TYPE STRING,
DIR_STATUS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_ID sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_PROC sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_INDEX sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_STEP_NAME sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_STEP_TXT sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_COUNT_STEP sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_AUTH_GROUP sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_AUTH_TXT sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_SIGNER sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_NAME_FIRST sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_NAME_LAST sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_STATE sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_ACTION sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_LANGU sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_REMARK sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_TSTAMP sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_TZONE sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_COMM sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_FORMAT sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_SIGNED_DOC sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_EXT sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-MANDT_OLD sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SYSTEM_OLD sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-SIGN_NO sy-vline 
WA_DIR_SIGNS_STRUC_STR-DIR_STATUS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.