ABAP Select data from SAP table DICS_T156SY into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DICS_T156SY table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DICS_T156SY. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DICS_T156SY table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DICS_T156SY TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DICS_T156SY,
      WA_DICS_T156SY TYPE DICS_T156SY,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DICS_T156SY> TYPE DICS_T156SY.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DICS_T156SY.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DICS_T156SY
  INTO TABLE IT_DICS_T156SY.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DICS_T156SY
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DICS_T156SY2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DICS_T156SY INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DICS_T156SY2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DICS_T156SY ASSIGNING <DICS_T156SY>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DICS_T156SY>-BUSTR = 1.
<DICS_T156SY>-WERTU = 1.
<DICS_T156SY>-MENGU = 1.
<DICS_T156SY>-SOBKZ = 1.
<DICS_T156SY>-KZBEW = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DICS_T156SY INTO WA_DICS_T156SY.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DICS_T156SY-KZZUG, sy-vline,
  WA_DICS_T156SY-KZVBR, sy-vline,
  WA_DICS_T156SY-BUSTW, sy-vline,
  WA_DICS_T156SY-BUSTM, sy-vline,
  WA_DICS_T156SY-XLORT, sy-vline,
  WA_DICS_T156SY-XOWST, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DICS_T156SY you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DICS_T156SY TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DICS_T156SY INTO WA_DICS_T156SY.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DICS_T156SY_STR, 
BUSTR TYPE STRING,
WERTU TYPE STRING,
MENGU TYPE STRING,
SOBKZ TYPE STRING,
KZBEW TYPE STRING,
KZZUG TYPE STRING,
KZVBR TYPE STRING,
BUSTW TYPE STRING,
BUSTM TYPE STRING,
XLORT TYPE STRING,
XOWST TYPE STRING,
QSSHK_S TYPE STRING,
QSSHK_H TYPE STRING,
VRGNG_S TYPE STRING,
VRGNG_H TYPE STRING,
OIPOSTST TYPE STRING,
OIPOSTQT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DICS_T156SY_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-BUSTR sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-WERTU sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-MENGU sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-SOBKZ sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-KZBEW sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-KZZUG sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-KZVBR sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-BUSTW sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-BUSTM sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-XLORT sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-XOWST sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-QSSHK_S sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-QSSHK_H sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-VRGNG_S sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-VRGNG_H sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-OIPOSTST sy-vline 
WA_DICS_T156SY_STR-OIPOSTQT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.